2017-04-11 100 views
0

我目前工作的一個項目,我想使用R和NLOPT包(或Gurobi)解決以下優化問題:使用NLOPT/Gurobi求解混合約束優化

查找分鐘|| Y-這樣x = Ay_h,y> = 0,其中x,y是給出的大小爲16 * 1的向量,A = 16 * 24矩陣也給出。

我嘗試:

R代碼裏面

nrow=16; 
ncol = 24; 
lambda = matrix(sample.int(100, size = ncol*nrow, replace = T),nrow,ncol); 
lambda = lambda - diag(lambda)*diag(x=1, nrow, ncol); 
y = rpois(ncol,lambda) + rtruncnorm(ncol,0,1,mean = 0, sd = 1); 

x = matrix (0, nrow, 1); 
x_A1 = y[1]+y[2]+y[3]; 
x_A2 = y[4]+y[7]+y[3]; 
x_B1 = y[4]+y[5]+y[6]; 
x_B2 = y[11]+y[1]; 
x_C1 = y[7]+y[8]+y[9]; 
x_C2 = y[2]+y[5]+y[12]; 
x_D1 = y[10]+y[11]+y[12]; 
x_D2 = y[3]+y[6]+y[9]; 
x_E1 = y[13]+y[14]+y[15]; 
x_E2 = y[18]+y[19]+y[23]; 
x_F1 = y[20]+y[21]+y[19]; 
x_F2 = y[22]+y[16]+y[13]; 
x_G1 = y[23]+y[22]+y[24]; 
x_G2 = y[14]+y[17]+y[20]; 
x_H1 = y[16]+y[17]+y[18]; 
x_H2 = y[15]+y[21]+y[24]; 

d <- c(x_A1, x_A2,x_B1, x_B2,x_C1, x_C2,x_D1, x_D2,x_E1, 
     x_E2,x_F1, x_F2,x_G1, x_G2,x_H1, x_H2) 
x <- matrix(d, nrow, byrow=TRUE) 

A = matrix(c(1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_A^1 
      0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_A^2 
      0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_B^1 
      1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_B^2 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_C^1 
      0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_C^2 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_D^1 
      0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_D^2 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_E^1 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0, #x_E^2 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0, #x_F^1 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0, #x_F^2 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0, #x_G^2 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1, #x_G^1 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0, #x_H^1 
      0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1), #x_H^2 
      nrow, ncol, byrow= TRUE) 

試過兩個代碼來解決問題:分鐘||ý - y_h || _L^2,其中x = Ay_h, y> = 0其中x,y,A全部在上面給出。

#F(X)= || yhat-Y || _L2

eval_f <- function(yhat) { 
    return(list("objective" = norm((mean(yhat-y))^2, type = "2"))) 
} 

# inequality constraint 
eval_g_ineq <- function(yhat) { 
    constr <- c(0 - yhat) 
    return(list("constraints"=constr)) 
} 

# equalities constraint 
eval_g_eq <- function(yhat) { 
    constr <- c(x-A%*%yhat) 
    return(list("constraints"=constr)) 
} 

x0 <- y 

#lower bound of control variable 
lb <- c(matrix (0, ncol, 1)) 

local_opts <- list("algorithm" = "NLOPT_LD_MMA", 
        "xtol_rel" = 1.0e-7) 
opts <- list("algorithm" = "NLOPT_LD_AUGLAG", 
       "xtol_rel" = 1.0e-7, 
       "maxeval" = 1000, 
       "local_opts" = local_opts) 
res <- nloptr(x0=x0, 
       eval_f=eval_f, 
       eval_grad_f = NULL, 
       lb=lb, 
       eval_g_ineq = eval_g_ineq, 
       eval_g_eq=eval_g_eq, 
       opts=opts) 
print(res) 

Gurobi代碼:

**#model <- list() 
#model$B <- A 
#model$obj <- norm((y-yhat)^2, type = "2") 
#model$modelsense <- "min" 
#model$rhs <- c(x,0) 
#model$sense <- c('=', '>=') 
#model$vtype <- 'C' 
#result <- gurobi(model, params) 
#print('Solution:') 
#print(result$objval) 
#print(result$yhat)** 

我的問題:首先,當我跑將R代碼上面,它不斷給我這個消息: 錯誤在is.nloptr(ret): 錯誤的目標梯度元素數 另外:警告消息: is.na(f0 $梯度): is.na()適用於類型爲'NULL'的非(列表或向量)

我試圖避免計算梯度,因爲我沒有任何關於y的密度函數。任何人都可以請幫我解決上面的錯誤?

對於Gurobi代碼,我收到了這條消息:Error:is(model $ A,「matrix」)||是(型號$ A,「sparseMatrix」)||是(型號$ A,......是不是真

但我的矩陣A是正確的輸入,所以這個錯誤是什麼意思?

+1

請不要在這裏發佈代碼的圖片,包括一個[可重現的例子](http:// stackoverflow .COM /問題/ 5963269 /如何對化妝一個偉大-R - 可重複的例子),我們可以將樣本輸入數據複製/粘貼到R中運行。 – MrFlick

+0

@MrFlick:我修好了。非常感謝,因爲我是新來的。但是學習LATEX在這個論壇上無法正常工作令人討厭; p請你幫我解決這個問題,因爲我已經花了7個小時,並且仍然無法看到我如何避免使用漸變,但仍然使得「NLOPT」代碼工作:( – user177196

+0

這裏沒有人想幫我修復上面的代碼??) – user177196

回答

1

我開始僅數天前使用nloptr。這個問題已經一個老的,但我仍然會回答,當你用'NLOPT_LD_AUGLAG'算法使用'nloptr'時,'LD'代表局部和漸變...所以你需要在中間選擇'LN' 。例如,'NLOPT_LN_COBYLA'應該可以在沒有梯度的情況下正常工作。 其實你可以查看nloptr軟件包的使用手冊。