matplotlib：RuntimeError：Python未作爲框架安裝

Question

此問題已在here和here之間提出。但是，解決方案並沒有解決我的問題。

原來的錯誤是，當我嘗試import matplotlib.pyplot，我得到：

Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in File "/Users/XX/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 114, in _backend_mod, new_figure_manager, draw_if_interactive, _show = pylab_setup() File "/Users/XX/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/init.py", line 32, in pylab_setup globals(),locals(),[backend_name],0) File "/Users/XX/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_macosx.py", line 24, in from matplotlib.backends import _macosx RuntimeError: Python is not installed as a framework. The Mac OS X backend will not be able to function correctly if Python is not installed as a framework. See the Python documentation for more information on installing Python as a framework on Mac OS X. Please either reinstall Python as a framework, or try one of the other backends. If you are Working with Matplotlib in a virtual enviroment see 'Working with Matplotlib in Virtual environments' in the Matplotlib FAQ

我也跟着解決方案添加~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc文件的代碼：backend: TkAgg。這樣做後，我的錯誤改爲：

/Users/XX/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/font_manager.py:273: UserWarning: Matplotlib is building the font cache using fc-list. This may take a moment. warnings.warn('Matplotlib is building the font cache using fc-list. This may take a moment.') objc[25120]: Class TKApplication is implemented in both /Users/XX/anaconda/lib/libtk8.5.dylib and /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Tk. One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined. objc[25120]: Class TKMenu is implemented in both /Users/XX/anaconda/lib/libtk8.5.dylib and /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Tk. One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined. objc[25120]: Class TKContentView is implemented in both /Users/XX/anaconda/lib/libtk8.5.dylib and /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Tk. One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined. objc[25120]: Class TKWindow is implemented in both /Users/XX/anaconda/lib/libtk8.5.dylib and /System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Tk. One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined.

我不知道如何解決這個問題。我沒有使用虛擬機。你可以幫幫我嗎？謝謝！

PS：我發現，通過添加：

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

import matplotlib.pyplot之前，它似乎工作。但是每次添加這兩行代碼都很煩人......有人知道發生了什麼，我該如何解決它？謝謝！

Answer 1

我在virtualenv中運行我的腳本。 Python版本是3.5。

添加一行：

backend: TkAgg 

文件

：

~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc 

這解決了這個問題。

Answer 2

下面爲我工作：

import matplotlib 
matplotlib.use('TkAgg') 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

參考： https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/issues/2375