我需要在使用Rails3 + Mongoid的Mongodb數據庫中存儲IPv6地址。Mongoid:IPv6地址存儲
集合中還會有(大部分)IPv4地址。
我需要將地址存儲爲小數,因爲我必須查詢屬於網絡的地址(我將網絡和地址存儲在不同的集合中)。我使用BigDecimals來存儲這些地址(因爲IPv6地址是128位長),但當我試圖找到哪些地址屬於一個網絡(具體地說:在網絡和廣播地址之間)時,我沒有發現任何工作解。
Mongoid「GTE」和「LTE」似乎只對整數工作(BigDecimals的實際上是字符串),並返回一個空列表,我沒有找到一個方法來查詢我mongoid模型字符串範圍。
MongoDB似乎允許這(http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/min+and+max+Query+Specifiers),但我沒有在mongoid文檔中找到相應的語法。
查詢類似下面提出了可怕的「DB斷言失敗」:
Network.min(address: ip.network.to_i.to_s).max(address: ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s)
「ip.to_i.to_s」提供了十進制地址的字符串表示,因爲我使用的ip地址寶石。
同樣的錯誤只用「to_i」或「BigDecimal.new(ip.network.to_i)」
的另一個解決辦法是V6地址存儲在2個64位整數,但它的範圍查詢,我要複雜得多'喜歡對v6和v4地址使用相同的行爲。
有沒有人有乾淨的方式來處理數據庫中的IPv6地址查詢的經驗?
這是我目前的網絡模式:
class Network
# INCLUSIONS
include Mongoid::Document
include Mongoid::Timestamps
# RELATIONS
belongs_to :vlan
# FIELDS
field :description
field :address, type: BigDecimal
field :prefix, type: Integer
field :v6, type: Boolean
field :routed, type: Boolean
# VALIDATIONS
validates :ip,
presence: true
# Address must be a valid IP address
validate :ip do
errors.add(:ip, :invalid) unless ip? && ip == ip.network
end
# INSTANCE METHODS
# Returns string representation of the address
def address
ip.to_s if ip
end
def address= value
raise NoMethodError, 'address can not be set directly'
end
# Provides the IPAddress object
def ip
unless @ip.is_a?(IPAddress) || self[:address].blank?
# Generate IP address
if self[:v6]
@ip = IPAddress::IPv6.parse_u128 self[:address].to_i
else
@ip = IPAddress::IPv4.parse_u32 self[:address].to_i
end
# Set IP prefix
@ip.prefix = self[:prefix] if self[:prefix]
end
@ip
end
# Sets network IP
def ip= value
value = value.to_s
@ip = value
self[:address] = nil
self[:prefix] = nil
self[:v6] = nil
begin
@ip = IPAddress value
self[:address] = @ip.to_i
self[:prefix] = @ip.prefix
self[:v6] = @ip.ipv6?
rescue
end
end
# Whether IP is a IPAddress object
def ip?
ip.is_a? IPAddress
end
# Provides network prefix
def prefix
return ip.prefix if ip?
self[:prefix]
end
def prefix= value
raise NoMethodError, 'prefix can not be set directly'
end
# Provides string representation of the network
def to_s
ip? ? ip.to_string : @ip.to_s
end
def subnets
networks = Network.min(address: ip.network.to_i.to_s).max(address: ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s)
return networks
end
end
子網的方法是一個我的工作,以檢測嵌套到當前網絡。
請注意,我想避免網絡/子網和即將到來的主機地址之間的「強」數據庫關係,以保持它們的動態性。
更新:
這是我認爲的正常工作管理嵌套IP網絡的最後一節課。
地址以十六進制格式存儲爲固定長度的字符串。它們可以存儲在基址32中以匹配實際地址的大小,但是hexa更適合可讀性。
子網方法提供了當前網絡中所有子網的列表。
class Network
# INCLUSIONS
include Mongoid::Document
include Mongoid::Timestamps
# RELATIONS
belongs_to :vlan
# FIELDS
field :description
field :address, type: String
field :prefix, type: Integer
field :routed, type: Boolean
field :v6, type: Boolean
# VALIDATIONS
validates :ip,
presence: true
# Address must be a valid IP address
validate do
errors.add(:ip, :invalid) unless ip? && ip == ip.network
end
validate do
errors.add(:ip, :prefix_invalid_v6) if ip && ip.ipv6? && (self[:prefix] < 0 || self[:prefix] > 64)
end
# INSTANCE METHODS
# Returns string representation of the address
def address
ip.to_s if ip
end
def address= value
raise NoMethodError, 'address can not be set directly'
end
# Provides the IPAddress object
def ip
unless @ip.is_a?(IPAddress) || self[:address].blank?
# Generate IP address
if v6
@ip = IPAddress::IPv6.parse_u128 self[:address].to_i(16)
else
@ip = IPAddress::IPv4.parse_u32 self[:address].to_i(16)
end
# Set IP prefix
@ip.prefix = self[:prefix] if self[:prefix]
end
@ip
end
# Sets network IP
def ip= value
value = value.to_s
@ip = value
self[:address] = nil
self[:prefix] = nil
self[:v6] = nil
begin
@ip = IPAddress value
self[:address] = @ip.to_i.to_s(16).rjust((@ip.ipv4? ? 8 : 32), '0')
self[:prefix] = @ip.prefix
self[:v6] = @ip.ipv6?
rescue
end
end
# Whether IP is a IPAddress object
def ip?
ip.is_a? IPAddress
end
# Provides network prefix
def prefix
return ip.prefix if ip?
self[:prefix]
end
def prefix= value
raise NoMethodError, 'prefix can not be set directly'
end
# Provides string representation of the network
def to_s
ip? ? ip.to_string : @ip.to_s
end
# Provides nested subnets list
def subnets
length= ip.ipv4? ? 8 : 32
networks = Network.where(
v6: v6,
:address.gte => (ip.network.to_i.to_s(16)).rjust(length, '0'),
:address.lte => (ip.broadcast.to_i.to_s(16).rjust(length, '0')),
:prefix.gte => ip.prefix
).asc(:address).asc(:prefix)
end
end
我剛剛看到Mongoid/MongoDB似乎只支持有符號的64位整數......所以甚至不可能將小數地址存儲在2個無符號的64位整數中......我可以嘗試使用4個32位整數,但這會是一個爛攤子... – 2012-07-13 14:49:28