2017-10-20 284 views
4

我給出了一個向量,並希望將其轉換爲某個塊矩陣。考慮一個簡單的例子:矢量分塊矩陣

k <- c(1,2,3) 
a <- rep(apply(expand.grid(k, k), 1, prod), each=3) 
a 
[1] 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 4 4 4 6 6 6 3 3 3 6 6 6 9 9 9 

這個載體應形式的分塊矩陣排列:

rbind(
cbind(diag(a[1:3]), diag(a[4:6]), diag(a[7:9])), 
cbind(diag(a[10:12]), diag(a[13:15]), diag(a[16:18])), 
cbind(diag(a[19:21]), diag(a[22:24]), diag(a[25:27])) 
) 

     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] 
[1,] 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 
[2,] 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 
[3,] 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 
[4,] 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 0 
[5,] 0 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 
[6,] 0 0 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 
[7,] 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 0 
[8,] 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 
[9,] 0 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 

現在,這當然是一個小而簡單的例子,我想做到這一點的更大的矢量/矩陣。因此,我的問題:是否有一種通用的方法來對齊某個形式的塊矩陣中的矢量(沒有循環)?

+0

也許相關的帖子:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17495841/block-diagonal-binding-of-matrices – zx8754

回答

6

不用手動操作的方式分割,我們使用克羅內克積上的稍微不同的向量如下可以使用%/%

k <- 3 
lst <- split(a, (seq_along(a)-1)%/%k + 1) 
do.call(rbind, lapply(split(lst, (seq_along(lst)-1) %/% k + 1), 
     function(x) do.call(cbind, lapply(x, function(y) diag(y))))) 
#  [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] 
# [1,] 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 
# [2,] 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 
# [3,] 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 
# [4,] 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 0 
# [5,] 0 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 
# [6,] 0 0 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 
# [7,] 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 0 
# [8,] 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 
# [9,] 0 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 
3

一種替代。

# create initial vector 
aNew <- rep(1:3, 3) * rep(1:3, each=3) 
aNew 
[1] 1 2 3 2 4 6 3 6 9 

注意,重新處於相同的順序向量a的唯一值,也就是說,它等同於unique(a)。將aNew轉換爲3X3矩陣,然後針對它和3X3單位矩陣執行Kronecker產品。

matrix(aNew, 3, 3) %x% diag(3) 
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6] [,7] [,8] [,9] 
[1,] 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 
[2,] 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 
[3,] 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 
[4,] 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 0 
[5,] 0 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 
[6,] 0 0 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 
[7,] 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 0 
[8,] 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9 0 
[9,] 0 0 3 0 0 6 0 0 9