使用Perl提取多級XML

Question

我試圖從XML文件中提取數據。

的XML的格式如下：

<notifications> 
<notification name="ccmSmtp" oid="1.3.6.1" status="current"> 
    <objects> 
    <object module="callhome" name="ccmSmtp"/> 
    </objects> 
    <description> 
    This is a description 
    </description> 
</notification> 
<notification name="ccmAlertGroup" oid="1.3.6.1" status="current"> 
    <objects> 
    <object module="callhome" name="callHome"/> 
    </objects> 
    <description> 
     This is a description 
    </description> 
</notification> 
<notification name="ccmAlert" oid="1.3.6.1" status="current"> 
    <objects> 
    <object module="callhome" name="callHome"/> 
    </objects> 
    <description> 
    This is a description 
    </description> 
</notification> 
<notification name="ccmSmtp" oid="1.3.6.1" status="current"> 
    <objects> 
    </objects> 
    <description> 
     This is a description 
    </description> 
</notification> 
</notifications> 

我已經寫下面的代碼來提取的example.xml文件通知節點。

#!/usr/bin/perl 

use XML::Simple; 
use Data::Dumper; 

$xml = new XML::Simple; 

$data = $xml->XMLin("example.xml",KeyAttr => { 
    notifications => notification => 'name' 
}); 

$notification = $data->{notifications}; 

print Dumper($notification); 

當我運行上面的Perl文件我得到以下輸出：

$VAR1 = { 
    'notification' => [ 
     { 
     'objects' => { 
      'object' => { 
      'name' => 'ccmSmtp', 
      'module' => 'callhome' 
      } 
     }, 
     'status' => 'current', 
     'oid' => '1.3.6.', 
     'name' => 'ccmSmtp', 
     'description' => ' This is a mib ' 
     }, 
     { 
     'objects' => { 
      'object' => { 
      'name' => 'callHome', 
      'module' => 'module' 
      } 
     }, 
     'status' => 'current', 
     'oid' => '1.3.6.1.4', 
     'name' => 'ccmAlert', 
     'description' => 'This is a description' 
     }, 
     { 
     'objects' => { 
      'object' => { 
      'name' => 'callHome', 
      'module' => 'homemib' 
      } 
     }, 
     'status' => 'current', 
     'oid' => '1.3.6.1.4', 
     'name' => 'ccmAlertf', 
     'description' => 'This is a description' 
     }, 
     { 
     'objects' => {}, 
     'status' => 'current', 
     'oid' => '1.3.6.1', 
     'name' => 'ccmSmtp', 
     'description' => ' This is an example' 
     } 
    ] 
}; 

我的問題是，我怎麼能提取通知節點的內容和值存儲在獨立的變量/數組？

Answer 1

通常用於從XML中提取項目，我將從XPath開始。有一個適用於Perl的XPath包，甚至可能在您已經使用的XML包中。

Answer 2

$notification只是一個哈希引用，其中包含一個具有哈希數組的鍵'通知'。

您可以遍歷它做

for my $n (@{$notification->{notification}}) { 
    # ie. to get status out, this is same for description,oid,name 
    my $status = $n->{status}; 

    # To get the nested 'objects' data object module value (phew) 
    my $object_module = $n->{status}{object}{module}; 

} 

Answer 3

我不清楚什麼是你想要的。你發佈的代碼沒有產生輸出，因爲它不會編譯，但如果你寫代碼

my $data = $xml->XMLin("x.xml", KeyAttr => ['notification']); 
print Dumper $data; 

然後你會得到這個。現在$數據 - > {通知}是四個散列（對應於四個元素）數組的引用可以如

my $note0 = $data->{notification}[0]; 

等這是否回答您的問題被訪問？

Answer 4

我會循環象下面這樣：

foreach $NOTIFICATION(@{$data->{'notification}}) 
{ 
foreach $OBJECT (@{$NOTIFICATION->{'OBJECT'}}) 
{ 
$name=$NOTIFICATION->{'name'};         $module=$OBJECT->{'module'}; 

Print $name , $module 
} 
}