高山在linux泊塢容器=>`ENV：不能執行「節點」：沒有這樣的文件或directory`

Question

我阿爾卑斯linux的容器安裝Node.js的版本8，像這樣：

RUN apk add --no-cache wget 

RUN wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v8.1.1/node-v8.1.1-linux-x64.tar.gz 
RUN sudo tar -C /usr/local --strip-components 1 -xzf node-v8.1.1-linux-x64.tar.gz 

RUN ls -l /usr/local/bin/node 
RUN ls -l /usr/local/bin/npm 

RUN ln -s /usr/local/bin/node /usr/bin/node 
RUN ln -s /usr/local/bin/npm /usr/bin/npm 

ENV PATH "/usr/local/bin:${PATH}" 
RUN echo "PATH env variable => '$PATH'" 

/usr/local/bin/node和/usr/local/bin/npm存在，並且npm以某種方式確實在命令行處被識別。但對於該節點的可執行文件，我得到這個錯誤：

Step 23/53 : RUN npm cache clean -f 
---> Running in 8bbc96b88935 
env: can't execute 'node': No such file or directory 

我可以證實，$ PATH變量包括

/usr/local/bin 
/usr/bin 

如：

Step 19/53 : RUN echo "PATH env variable => '$PATH'" 
---> Running in c5227e6e3db0 
PATH env variable => '/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin' 

爲什麼不能env找到可執行的節點？太奇怪了。

這裏是一個線索：

Step 10/52 : RUN ldd /usr/local/bin/node 
---> Running in db210653f0ed 
     /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fefae36b000) 
     libdl.so.2 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fefae36b000) 
     librt.so.1 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fefae36b000) 
     libm.so.6 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fefae36b000) 
     libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fefae36b000) 
     libc.so.6 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7fefae36b000) 
Error loading shared library libstdc++.so.6: No such file or directory (needed by /usr/local/bin/node) 
Error loading shared library libgcc_s.so.1: No such file or directory (needed by /usr/local/bin/node) 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE9pbackfailEi: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt13runtime_errorC2ERKSs: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt19__throw_logic_errorPKc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt9exceptionD2Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSsC1ERKSs: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt17__throw_bad_allocv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6appendEmc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE6xsgetnEPcl: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo9_M_insertIyEERSoT_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt18basic_stringstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt19basic_ostringstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEED1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _Znwm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt11logic_errorC2ERKSs: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE5imbueERKSt6locale: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6assignEPKc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTv0_n24_NSoD1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt13basic_filebufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE5closeEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSt13runtime_error4whatEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTv0_n24_NSt14basic_ofstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcEED0Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __isinf: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __cxa_demangle: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs9push_backEc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt9basic_iosIcSt11char_traitsIcEE7copyfmtERKS2_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSolsEi: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt16__throw_bad_castv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __cxa_guard_acquire: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSs4findEcm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt9basic_iosIcSt11char_traitsIcEE4initEPSt15basic_streambufIcS1_E: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt7getlineIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEERSt13basic_istreamIT_T0_ES7_RSbIS4_S5_T1_ES4_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZdaPv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo9_M_insertIlEERSoT_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __cxa_allocate_exception: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: backtrace_symbols: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo9_M_insertIbEERSoT_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6resizeEmc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15__exception_ptr13exception_ptrC1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt13runtime_errorD2Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSt14error_category10equivalentERKSt10error_codei: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs12_M_leak_hardEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSs17find_first_not_ofEPKcmm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _Znam: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo9_M_insertIPKvEERSoT_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSt5ctypeIcE13_M_widen_initEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt18_Rb_tree_decrementPSt18_Rb_tree_node_base: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo5writeEPKcl: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo5flushEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo9_M_insertImEERSoT_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt12__basic_fileIcED1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTv0_n24_NSoD0Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSt15basic_stringbufIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE3strEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSsC1EPKcmRKSaIcE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZdlPv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo3putEc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE7seekoffElSt12_Ios_SeekdirSt13_Ios_Openmode: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTv0_n24_NSt14basic_ofstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcEED1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __cxa_guard_release: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs9_M_mutateEmmm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZStlsISt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIcT_ES5_PKc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt19basic_ostringstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC1ESt13_Ios_Openmode: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSs5rfindEcm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE7seekposESt4fposI11__mbstate_tESt13_Ios_Openmode: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6appendEPKcm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __gxx_personality_v0: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs4swapERSs: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSoD0Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSsC1EmcRKSaIcE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt20__throw_length_errorPKc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt20__throw_out_of_rangePKc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __cxa_throw: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt11logic_errorD2Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_stringbufIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE7_M_syncEPcmm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _Unwind_Resume: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __popcountdi2: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt8ios_base4InitD1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6appendEPKc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt9basic_iosIcSt11char_traitsIcEE5rdbufEPSt15basic_streambufIcS1_E: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __register_atfork: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __isnan: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSt14error_category23default_error_conditionEi: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE9showmanycEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt18condition_variableD1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs4_Rep9_S_createEmmRKSaIcE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs14_M_replace_auxEmmmc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt8ios_baseD2Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6insertEmPKcm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt21__throw_runtime_errorPKc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo9_M_insertIdEERSoT_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt14basic_ofstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcEED1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt6localeC1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6assignEPKcm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs4_Rep10_M_disposeERKSaIcE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6assignERKSs: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs6appendERKSs: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt13basic_filebufIcSt11char_traitsIcEEC1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt18basic_stringstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC1ESt13_Ios_Openmode: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSs4findEPKcmm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt28_Rb_tree_rebalance_for_erasePSt18_Rb_tree_node_baseRS_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE9underflowEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __cxa_free_exception: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt18_Rb_tree_incrementPKSt18_Rb_tree_node_base: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15__exception_ptr13exception_ptrD1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSoD1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __cxa_pure_virtual: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt14basic_ofstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcEED0Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __dynamic_cast: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt13basic_filebufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE4openEPKcSt13_Ios_Openmode: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt18_Rb_tree_incrementPSt18_Rb_tree_node_base: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs4_Rep10_M_destroyERKSaIcE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt16__ostream_insertIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_PKS3_l: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSt14error_category10equivalentEiRKSt15error_condition: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt8ios_baseC2Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt6localeD1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt8ios_base4InitC1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZnwmRKSt9nothrow_t: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE5uflowEv: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt18_Rb_tree_decrementPKSt18_Rb_tree_node_base: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSsC1ERKSsmm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNKSs7compareEPKc: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt29_Rb_tree_insert_and_rebalancebPSt18_Rb_tree_node_baseS0_RS_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZdlPvRKSt9nothrow_t: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt9basic_iosIcSt11char_traitsIcEE5clearESt12_Ios_Iostate: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSsD1Ev: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: backtrace: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSsC1EPKcRKSaIcE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE6setbufEPcl: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSo9_M_insertIxEERSoT_: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs7reserveEm: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTISt14error_category: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTISt11logic_error: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTISt9exception: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTISt13runtime_error: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZNSt8__detail12__prime_listE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVSt14error_category: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZSt7nothrow: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVSt15basic_stringbufIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVN10__cxxabiv121__vmi_class_type_infoE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVSt19basic_ostringstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTTSt14basic_ofstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVN10__cxxabiv117__class_type_infoE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVN10__cxxabiv120__si_class_type_infoE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVSt15basic_streambufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVSt14basic_ofstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVSt9basic_iosIcSt11char_traitsIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVSt18basic_stringstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTVSt13basic_filebufIcSt11char_traitsIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTTSt18basic_stringstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: _ZTTSt19basic_ostringstreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE: symbol not found 
The command '/bin/sh -c ldd /usr/local/bin/node' returned a non-zero code: 127 

運行這個新的呼叫後：

RUN apk add --no-cache libstdc++ && apk add --no-cache libgcc 

我仍然得到一個錯誤：

Step 12/54 : RUN ldd /usr/local/bin/node 
---> Running in deecef947d0b 
     /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7f9266dee000) 
     libdl.so.2 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7f9266dee000) 
     librt.so.1 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7f9266dee000) 
     libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 (0x7f9266a9c000) 
     libm.so.6 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7f9266dee000) 
     libgcc_s.so.1 => /usr/lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x7f926688a000) 
     libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7f9266dee000) 
     libc.so.6 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x7f9266dee000) 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __isinf: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: backtrace_symbols: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __register_atfork: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: __isnan: symbol not found 
Error relocating /usr/local/bin/node: backtrace: symbol not found 

Answer 1

檢查有沒有遺漏的依賴關係可能缺少要執行的節點：添加一個ldd /usr/local/bin/node

這可能是所使用的基（高山）圖像的情況下有一定的依賴性失蹤節點的工作：如果更改說，這個問題仍然存在，您可以測試基本映像（與Ubuntu的一個實例）

的事實上，ldd提到缺少動態庫/符號解釋了錯誤信息。

瞭解如何節點從its Dockerfile建：

FROM buildpack-deps:jessie 

即：它安裝在一個非常完整的圖像的頂部比高山之一。

直接使用節點圖像並從中構建會更容易。

Answer 2

Alpine發行版基於名爲musl-libc的libc變體。因爲大多數（所有？）其他標準發行版都使用更常用的標準庫，所以您正在安裝的節點二進制文件編譯爲glibc。

其中一個選擇是將glibc添加到您的高山發行版基礎中，然後如果您確實無法編譯節點，則可以允許您添加的glibc支持處理不匹配。還有其他的stackoverflow answers提供瞭如何做到這一點的細節。

然而，我認爲最好的情況是讓你使用內置對Alpine的MUSL-libc的一個節點的二進制文件。這是官方節點圖像處理阿爾卑斯山標籤變體的方式。你可以看到他們在official image Dockerfile節點的高山變體中如何做到這一點。當然，你的構建將延長到構建節點與下載預構建的二進制文件，但它會簡化嘗試將glibc支持到Alpine的任何併發症。