爲什麼這些RSpec示例失敗？

Question

我是RSpec的新手。這些規格是由腳手架產生的。

我在我的日誌面臨這些錯誤訊息：

Failures: 

    1) ClientsController POST create with invalid params assigns a newly created but unsaved client as @client 
    Failure/Error: expect(assigns(:client)).to be_a_new(Client) 
     expected #<Client id: 1, name: "", phone: "", email: "", status: nil, created_at: "2016-05-14 14:56:01", updated_at: "2016-05-14 14:56:01"> to be a new Client(id: integer, name: string, phone: string, email: string, status: integer, created_at: datetime, updated_at: datetime) 
    # ./spec/controllers/clients_controller_spec.rb:88:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    2) ClientsController POST create with invalid params re-renders the 'new' template 
    Failure/Error: expect(response).to render_template("new") 
     expecting <"new"> but rendering with <[]> 
    # ./spec/controllers/clients_controller_spec.rb:93:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 

    3) ClientsController PUT update with invalid params re-renders the 'edit' template 
    Failure/Error: expect(response).to render_template("edit") 
     expecting <"edit"> but rendering with <[]> 
    # ./spec/controllers/clients_controller_spec.rb:139:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>' 

Finished in 0.28667 seconds (files took 5.4 seconds to load) 
16 examples, 3 failures 

我的規格低於：

require 'rails_helper' 

RSpec.describe ClientsController, :type => :controller do 

    let(:valid_attributes) { 
    { 
     "name" => "Mark Rodwell", 
     "phone" => '5585985463053', 
     "email" => 'markrodwell@gmail.com', 
     "status" => 1 
    } 
    } 

    let(:invalid_attributes) { 
    { 
     "name" => "", 
     "phone" => '', 
     "email" => '', 
     "status" => nil 
    } 
    } 

    let(:valid_session) { 
    { 
     "user_type"    => 2, 
     "status"    => 1, 
     "name"     => "Cristiano Carvalho", 
     "email"     => 'cristiano.codelab@gmail.com', 
     "password"    => '12345678', 
     "password_confirmation" => '12345678' 
    } 
    } 

    describe "GET index" do 
    it "assigns all clients as @clients" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     get :index, {}, valid_session 
     expect(assigns(:clients)).to eq([client]) 
    end 
    end 

    describe "GET show" do 
    it "assigns the requested client as @client" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     get :show, {:id => client.to_param}, valid_session 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to eq(client) 
    end 
    end 

    describe "GET new" do 
    it "assigns a new client as @client" do 
     get :new, {}, valid_session 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to be_a_new(Client) 
    end 
    end 

    describe "GET edit" do 
    it "assigns the requested client as @client" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     get :edit, {:id => client.to_param}, valid_session 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to eq(client) 
    end 
    end 

    describe "POST create" do 
    describe "with valid params" do 
     it "creates a new Client" do 
     expect { 
      post :create, {:client => valid_attributes}, valid_session 
     }.to change(Client, :count).by(1) 
     end 

     it "assigns a newly created client as @client" do 
     post :create, {:client => valid_attributes}, valid_session 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to be_a(Client) 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to be_persisted 
     end 

     it "redirects to the created client" do 
     post :create, {:client => valid_attributes}, valid_session 
     expect(response).to redirect_to(Client.last) 
     end 
    end 

    describe "with invalid params" do 
     it "assigns a newly created but unsaved client as @client" do 
     post :create, {:client => invalid_attributes}, valid_session 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to be_a_new(Client) 
     end 

     it "re-renders the 'new' template" do 
     post :create, {:client => invalid_attributes}, valid_session 
     expect(response).to render_template("new") 
     end 
    end 
    end 

    describe "PUT update" do 
    describe "with valid params" do 
     let(:new_attributes) { 
     { 
      "name" => "Mark James Rodwell", 
      "phone" => '5585985463053', 
      "email" => 'markrodwl@gmail.com', 
      "status" => 1 
     } 
     } 

     it "updates the requested client" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     put :update, {:id => client.to_param, :client => new_attributes}, valid_session 
     client.reload 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to eq(client) 
     end 

     it "assigns the requested client as @client" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     put :update, {:id => client.to_param, :client => valid_attributes}, valid_session 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to eq(client) 
     end 

     it "redirects to the client" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     put :update, {:id => client.to_param, :client => valid_attributes}, valid_session 
     expect(response).to redirect_to(client) 
     end 
    end 

    describe "with invalid params" do 
     it "assigns the client as @client" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     put :update, {:id => client.to_param, :client => invalid_attributes}, valid_session 
     expect(assigns(:client)).to eq(client) 
     end 

     it "re-renders the 'edit' template" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     put :update, {:id => client.to_param, :client => invalid_attributes}, valid_session 
     expect(response).to render_template("edit") 
     end 
    end 
    end 

    describe "DELETE destroy" do 
    it "destroys the requested client" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     expect { 
     delete :destroy, {:id => client.to_param}, valid_session 
     }.to change(Client, :count).by(-1) 
    end 

    it "redirects to the clients list" do 
     client = Client.create! valid_attributes 
     delete :destroy, {:id => client.to_param}, valid_session 
     expect(response).to redirect_to(clients_url) 
    end 
    end 

end 

Answer 1

class Client < ActiveRecord::Base 
    validates :name, presence: true 
    validates :phone,:presence => true, :length => { :minimum => 9, :maximum => 13 } 
end 

感謝您的諮詢！現在它工作正常，沒有失敗！