無法在Java Selenium中選擇引導程序下拉列表

Question

我在Selenium中選擇引導程序下拉列表非常困難。

我是新來的Selenium，所以任何建議和指導都會非常有幫助，因爲我喜歡做的只是選擇下拉列表，然後輸入「email」，然後在實例中按回車鍵。

我已經經歷了幾十種解決方案，但他們都沒有爲這個特定的問題工作。

我該怎麼辦？請幫忙。

Salenium

package newPackage; 
 

 

 
import org.openqa.selenium.By; 
 
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; 
 
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; 
 
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; 
 
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions; 
 

 

 
public class importLeads { 
 

 
\t public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { 
 
\t \t 
 
\t \t   System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\David\\Downloads\\Notes\\WebDriver\\chromedriver.exe"); 
 
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); 
 

 
    //login to site 
 
    driver.get("https://demos5.softaculous.com/Mautic/s/contacts/import/new"); 
 
    driver.manage().window().maximize(); 
 
    driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("admin"); 
 
    driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("password"); 
 
    driver.findElement(By.className("btn")).click(); 
 
    Thread.sleep(2000); 
 

 
    //importing Data 
 
    WebElement uploadBox = driver.findElement(By.id("lead_import_file")); 
 
    uploadBox.sendKeys("C:\\Users\\David\\Downloads\\data_file.csv"); 
 
    driver.findElement(By.id("lead_import_start")).click(); 
 

 
    //Select from dropdown 
 
    WebElement dropdownToggle = driver.findElement(By.xpath("id('lead_field_import_email_address')")); 
 
    Actions cursor = new Actions(driver); 
 
    cursor.moveToElement(dropdownToggle); 
 
    cursor.click(); 
 
    cursor.perform(); 
 
    Thread.sleep(1000); 
 
    WebElement weh = driver.findElement(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address_chosen")); 
 

 
    Actions cursor2 = new Actions(driver); 
 
    cursor2.moveToElement(weh); 
 
    cursor2.click(); 
 

 
\t } 
 
}

---

這裏是鏈接到數據文件ufile.io/vy2ws

爲了使.csv文件上傳工作，你必須是運行本軟件的本地版本。可以在這裏找到下載：https://www.mautic.org/m/asset/54:mautic-2100

一旦上傳，它應該看起來像這樣它要求從下拉列表中選擇。

HTML

<div class="col-sm-4"> 
 
    <div class="row"> 
 
     <div class="form-group col-xs-12 "> 
 
     <label class="control-label" for="lead_field_import_email_address">Email address</label>   
 
     <div class="choice-wrapper"> 
 
      <select id="lead_field_import_email_address" name="lead_field_import[email_address]" class="form-control" autocomplete="false" style="display: none;"> 
 
       <option value=""></option> 
 
       <optgroup label="Contact"> 
 
        <option value="email">Email</option> 
 
       </optgroup> 
 
      </select> 
 
      <div class="chosen-container chosen-container-single chosen-with-drop chosen-container-active" style="width: 100%;" title="" id="lead_field_import_email_address_chosen"> 
 
       <a class="chosen-single chosen-default"> 
 
        <span>Choose one...</span> 
 
        <div><b></b></div> 
 
       </a> 
 
       <div class="chosen-drop"> 
 
        <div class="chosen-search"><input type="text" autocomplete="off"></div> 
 
        <ul class="chosen-results"> 
 
        <li class="group-result">Contact</li> 
 
        <li class="active-result group-option" data-option-array-index="9" style="">Email</li> 
 
        </ul> 
 
       </div> 
 
      </div> 
 
     </div> 
 
     </div> 
 
    </div> 
 
</div>

---

更換：

WebElement dropdownToggle = driver.findElement(By.xpath("id('lead_field_import_email_add‌​ress')")); 

這樣的：

WebElement dropdownToggle = driver.findElement(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address"))‌​; 

導致：

Starting ChromeDriver 2.33.506120 (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f) on port 35535 
Only local connections are allowed. 
Oct 22, 2017 1:20:49 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession 
INFO: Detected dialect: OSS 
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"id","selector":"lead_field_import_email_address"} 
    (Session info: chrome=61.0.3163.100) 
    (Driver info: chromedriver=2.33.506120 (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f),platform=Windows NT 10.0.14393 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) 
Command duration or timeout: 0 milliseconds 
For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html 
Build info: version: '3.6.0', revision: '6fbf3ec767', time: '2017-09-27T16:15:26.402Z' 
System info: host: 'DAVID-PC', ip: '192.235.0.1', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_151' 
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver 
Capabilities [{mobileEmulationEnabled=false, hasTouchScreen=false, platform=XP, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, platformName=XP, setWindowRect=true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour=, applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.33.506120 (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f), userDataDir=C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\scoped_dir4068_28713}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, unhandledPromptBehavior=, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, version=61.0.3163.100, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, locationContextEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}] 
Session ID: ee90469095e7b1121dc2e387d8e485e6 
*** Element info: {Using=id, value=lead_field_import_email_address} 
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:214) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:166) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.JsonHttpResponseCodec.reconstructValue(JsonHttpResponseCodec.java:40) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.AbstractHttpResponseCodec.decode(AbstractHttpResponseCodec.java:82) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.AbstractHttpResponseCodec.decode(AbstractHttpResponseCodec.java:45) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:164) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:586) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:356) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementById(RemoteWebDriver.java:402) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ById.findElement(By.java:218) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:348) 
    at newPackage.importLeads.main(importLeads.java:31) 

---

更換

WebElement dropdownToggle = driver.findElement(By.xpath("id('lead_field_import_email_address')")); 
    Actions cursor = new Actions(driver); 

與

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address")); 
    Select select = new Select(element); 

結果在：

Starting ChromeDriver 2.33.506120 (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f) on port 32443 
Only local connections are allowed. 
Oct 23, 2017 1:36:09 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession 
INFO: Detected dialect: OSS 
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"id","selector":"lead_field_import_email_address"} 
    (Session info: chrome=61.0.3163.100) 
    (Driver info: chromedriver=2.33.506120 (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f),platform=Windows NT 10.0.15063 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) 
Command duration or timeout: 0 milliseconds 
For documentation on this error, please visit: http://seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html 
Build info: version: '3.6.0', revision: '6fbf3ec767', time: '2017-09-27T16:15:26.402Z' 
System info: host: 'HOME-PC', ip: '192.235.0.1', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_151' 
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver 
Capabilities [{mobileEmulationEnabled=false, hasTouchScreen=false, platform=XP, acceptSslCerts=true, webStorageEnabled=true, browserName=chrome, takesScreenshot=true, javascriptEnabled=true, platformName=XP, setWindowRect=true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour=, applicationCacheEnabled=false, rotatable=false, networkConnectionEnabled=false, chrome={chromedriverVersion=2.33.506120 (e3e53437346286c0bc2d2dc9aa4915ba81d9023f), userDataDir=C:\Users\David\AppData\Local\Temp\1\scoped_dir5416_25737}, takesHeapSnapshot=true, pageLoadStrategy=normal, unhandledPromptBehavior=, databaseEnabled=false, handlesAlerts=true, version=61.0.3163.100, browserConnectionEnabled=false, nativeEvents=true, locationContextEnabled=true, cssSelectorsEnabled=true}] 
Session ID: 40cde314a5a76400aceff8b625b38e3c 
*** Element info: {Using=id, value=lead_field_import_email_address} 
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:214) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:166) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.JsonHttpResponseCodec.reconstructValue(JsonHttpResponseCodec.java:40) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.AbstractHttpResponseCodec.decode(AbstractHttpResponseCodec.java:82) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.AbstractHttpResponseCodec.decode(AbstractHttpResponseCodec.java:45) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:164) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:586) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:356) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementById(RemoteWebDriver.java:402) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.By$ById.findElement(By.java:218) 
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:348) 
    at newAutomation.importLeads.main(importLeads.java:33) 

---

Answer 1

看着你所提供的HTML，該WebElement與id="lead_field_import_email_address"是在Select標籤。因此，而不是在這種情況下使用Actions類，我們應該嘗試使用Select類代替如下：

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address")); 
Select select = new Select(element); 

接下來，我們可以通過調用任何selectByIndex(n)，selectByValue("value")或selectByVisibleText("visible_text")方法選擇任何options的。

Answer 2

我試圖手動複製你的代碼的步驟，但是當我加載data_file.csv和我點擊上傳按鈕：

沒有任何反應。

而且，在HTML中，有沒有你試圖找到元素：

WebElement dropdownToggle = driver.findElement(By.xpath("id('lead_field_import_email_address')")); 

這就是爲什麼我寫了this comment。

我可以想象應該打開一些東西。從信息：

• 限制
• 分隔符
• 外殼
• 逃生

我可以假設你要上傳的文件與一個特定的格式。

編輯

本地嘗試它的作品。如果你想從電子郵件下拉列表選擇

 //Select from dropdown 
     WebElement dropdownToggle = driver.findElement(By.xpath("id('lead_field_import_email_address')")); 
     Actions cursor = new Actions(driver); 
     cursor.moveToElement(dropdownToggle); 
     cursor.click(); 
     cursor.perform(); 
     Thread.sleep(1000); 
     WebElement weh = driver.findElement(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address_chosen")); 

     Actions cursor2 = new Actions(driver); 
     cursor2.moveToElement(weh); 
     cursor2.click(); 

，你可以使用XPath： 我不明白你的好這部分代碼

WebElement we = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@class='choice-wrapper']//div[@id='lead_field_import_email_address_chosen']")); 

或簡稱ID：

WebElement we= driver.findElement(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address_chosen")); 

並執行感興趣的操作。

因此，舉例來說：

WebElement we= driver.findElement(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address_chosen")); 
    we.click(); 
    we.sendKeys("email"); 
    we.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER); 

EDIT 2

你的問題是，你爲了等待的元素中使用Thread.sleep(XXXX);。這不是確定性的。您必須使用明確的等待。

從Explicit Waits：

一個明確的等待是你定義等待某個條件 代碼，然後再繼續發生代碼。 的極端情況是time.sleep（），它將條件設置爲準確的時間段 等待。有一些便利的方法可以幫助你編寫只會根據需要等待的代碼。 WebDriverWait在 與ExpectedCondition的組合是可以實現的 的一種方式。

所以，在Java中，你需要：

這最多等待15秒拋出一個TimeoutException除非 它找到的元素返回前：

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); 
WebElement we=wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address_chosen"))); 

從以前的鏈接

始終在15秒內。 WebDriverWait 默認每500毫秒調用一次ExpectedCondition，直到它成功返回 。 ExpectedCondition成功返回 類型爲布爾值返回值爲true或非null返回值爲所有其他 ExpectedCondition類型。

最後，整個代碼：

 String geckoDriver = System.getProperty("pathTo/geckodriver"; 
     System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", geckoDriver); 
     WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver(); 
     driver.get("http://localhost:8888/2.10.0/s/contacts/import/new"); 
     driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("admin"); 
     driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("password"); 
     driver.findElement(By.className("btn")).click(); 

     WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15); 

     WebElement uploadBox=wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("lead_import_file"))); 
     uploadBox.sendKeys("/pathTo/data_file.csv"); 
     driver.findElement(By.id("lead_import_start")).click(); 

     //Select from dropdown 
     WebElement we=wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address_chosen"))); 
     we.click(); 
     we.sendKeys("email"); 
     we.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER); 

EDIT 3

與Firefox，上面的代碼（在我的測試）是確定。我注意到你使用Chrome。使用Chrome，我有this problem。 solution適合我：

 //Select from dropdown 
     WebElement we=wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("lead_field_import_email_address_chosen"))); 
     /*we.click(); 
     we.sendKeys("email");*/ 

     Actions actions = new Actions(driver); 
     actions.moveToElement(we); 
     actions.click(); 
     actions.sendKeys("email"); 
     actions.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER); 
     actions.build().perform();