如何自動從Excel文件中複製文本

Question

我有250個Microsoft Excel（.xls）文件，全部在一個文件夾中。我需要做到以下幾點：

for each file: 
    open the file 
    switch to a specific tab in the file 
    extract the text from rows 15-100 on that tab 
    save the text in a text file somewhere 

我認爲這可以自動化，但我不知道如何。我在哪裏開始尋找如何做到這一點？我真的不想打開250個Excel文件並手動複製文本，因爲這需要幾個小時。 :(

Answer 1

既然你已經有了Excel中。 ，您可以在單獨的工作表中創建一個Excel宏來執行此操作;只需確保工作表位於您要解析的目錄之外即可。您需要爲FileSystemObject添加引用，該引用應在C：\ Windows中找到\ System32 \ scrrun.dll。

Option Explicit 

Sub ExtractData() 
    Dim fso As New FileSystemObject 
    Dim oFile As File 
    Dim oFolder As Folder 

    Dim sFileOutput As String 
    Dim fNum 

    Dim excelFile As Excel.Workbook 
    Dim excelWorksheet As Excel.Worksheet 
    Dim i As Integer 

    sFileOutput = "C:\FolderToScan\ExcelOutput.txt" 

    Set oFolder = fso.GetFolder("C:\FolderToScan") 

    For Each oFile In oFolder.Files 
     If Right(oFile.Name, 3) = "xls" Then 
      fNum = FreeFile() 
      Open sFileOutput For Append As fNum 

      Set excelFile = Workbooks.Open(oFile.Path) 

      Set excelWorksheet = excelFile.Sheets(1) 
      'Or: 
      ' Set excelWorksheet = excelFile.Sheets("Name of your sheet") 

      For i = 15 To 100 
       Write #fNum, excelWorksheet.Cells(i, 1) 
      Next 
      Close #fNum 

      excelFile.Close 
      Set excelFile = Nothing 
     End If 
    Next 
End Sub 

Answer 2

，可以使用xlrd模塊和Python得以迅速解決，我複製從activestate.com下面的例子 - 它很容易使其適應您的需求

## {{{ http://code.activestate.com/recipes/483742/ (r3) 
class readexcel(object): 
""" Simple OS Independent Class for Extracting Data from Excel Files 
    the using xlrd module found at http://www.lexicon.net/sjmachin/xlrd.htm 

    Versions of Excel supported: 2004, 2002, XP, 2000, 97, 95, 5, 4, 3 
    xlrd version tested: 0.5.2 

    Data is extracted by creating a iterator object which can be used to 
    return data one row at a time. The default extraction method assumes 
    that the worksheet is in tabular format with the first nonblank row 
    containing variable names and all subsequent rows containing values. 
    This method returns a dictionary which uses the variables names as keys 
    for each piece of data in the row. Data can also be extracted with 
    each row represented by a list. 

    Extracted data is represented fairly logically. By default dates are 
    returned as strings in "yyyy/mm/dd" format or "yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss", 
    as appropriate. However, dates can be return as a tuple containing 
    (Year, Month, Day, Hour, Min, Second) which is appropriate for usage 
    with mxDateTime or DateTime. Numbers are returned as either INT or 
    FLOAT, whichever is needed to support the data. Text, booleans, and 
    error codes are also returned as appropriate representations. 

    Quick Example: 
    xl = readexcel('testdata.xls') 
    sheetnames = xl.worksheets() 
    for sheet in sheetnames: 
     print sheet 
     for row in xl.getiter(sheet): 
      # Do Something here 
    """ 
def __init__(self, filename): 
    """ Returns a readexcel object of the specified filename - this may 
    take a little while because the file must be parsed into memory """ 
    import xlrd 
    import os.path 
    if not os.path.isfile(filename): 
     raise NameError, "%s is not a valid filename" % filename 
    self.__filename__ = filename 
    self.__book__ = xlrd.open_workbook(filename) 
    self.__sheets__ = {} 
    self.__sheetnames__ = [] 
    for i in self.__book__.sheet_names(): 
     uniquevars = [] 
     firstrow = 0 
     sheet = self.__book__.sheet_by_name(i) 
     for row in range(sheet.nrows): 
      types,values = sheet.row_types(row),sheet.row_values(row) 
      nonblank = False 
      for j in values: 
       if j != '': 
        nonblank=True 
        break 
      if nonblank: 
       # Generate a listing of Unique Variable Names for Use as 
       # Dictionary Keys In Extraction. Duplicate Names will 
       # be replaced with "F#" 
       variables = self.__formatrow__(types,values,False) 
       unknown = 1 
       while variables: 
        var = variables.pop(0) 
        if var in uniquevars or var == '': 
         var = 'F' + str(unknown) 
         unknown += 1 
        uniquevars.append(str(var)) 
       firstrow = row + 1 
       break 
     self.__sheetnames__.append(i) 
     self.__sheets__.setdefault(i,{}).__setitem__('rows',sheet.nrows) 
     self.__sheets__.setdefault(i,{}).__setitem__('cols',sheet.ncols) 
     self.__sheets__.setdefault(i,{}).__setitem__('firstrow',firstrow) 
     self.__sheets__.setdefault(i,{}).__setitem__('variables',uniquevars[:]) 
def getiter(self, sheetname, returnlist=False, returntupledate=False): 
    """ Return an generator object which yields the lines of a worksheet; 
    Default returns a dictionary, specifing returnlist=True causes lists 
    to be returned. Calling returntupledate=True causes dates to returned 
    as tuples of (Year, Month, Day, Hour, Min, Second) instead of as a 
    string """ 
    if sheetname not in self.__sheets__.keys(): 
     raise NameError, "%s is not present in %s" % (sheetname,\ 
                 self.__filename__) 
    if returnlist: 
     return __iterlist__(self, sheetname, returntupledate) 
    else: 
     return __iterdict__(self, sheetname, returntupledate) 
def worksheets(self): 
    """ Returns a list of the Worksheets in the Excel File """ 
    return self.__sheetnames__ 
def nrows(self, worksheet): 
    """ Return the number of rows in a worksheet """ 
    return self.__sheets__[worksheet]['rows'] 
def ncols(self, worksheet): 
    """ Return the number of columns in a worksheet """ 
    return self.__sheets__[worksheet]['cols'] 
def variables(self,worksheet): 
    """ Returns a list of Column Names in the file, 
     assuming a tabular format of course. """ 
    return self.__sheets__[worksheet]['variables'] 
def __formatrow__(self, types, values, wanttupledate): 
    """ Internal function used to clean up the incoming excel data """ 
    ## Data Type Codes: 
    ## EMPTY 0 
    ## TEXT 1 a Unicode string 
    ## NUMBER 2 float 
    ## DATE 3 float 
    ## BOOLEAN 4 int; 1 means TRUE, 0 means FALSE 
    ## ERROR 5 
    import xlrd 
    returnrow = [] 
    for i in range(len(types)): 
     type,value = types[i],values[i] 
     if type == 2: 
      if value == int(value): 
       value = int(value) 
     elif type == 3: 
      datetuple = xlrd.xldate_as_tuple(value, self.__book__.datemode) 
      if wanttupledate: 
       value = datetuple 
      else: 
       # time only no date component 
       if datetuple[0] == 0 and datetuple[1] == 0 and \ 
        datetuple[2] == 0: 
        value = "%02d:%02d:%02d" % datetuple[3:] 
       # date only, no time 
       elif datetuple[3] == 0 and datetuple[4] == 0 and \ 
        datetuple[5] == 0: 
        value = "%04d/%02d/%02d" % datetuple[:3] 
       else: # full date 
        value = "%04d/%02d/%02d %02d:%02d:%02d" % datetuple 
     elif type == 5: 
      value = xlrd.error_text_from_code[value] 
     returnrow.append(value) 
    return returnrow 

def __iterlist__(excel, sheetname, tupledate): 
    """ Function Used To Create the List Iterator """ 
    sheet = excel.__book__.sheet_by_name(sheetname) 
    for row in range(excel.__sheets__[sheetname]['rows']): 
     types,values = sheet.row_types(row),sheet.row_values(row) 
     yield excel.__formatrow__(types, values, tupledate) 

def __iterdict__(excel, sheetname, tupledate): 
    """ Function Used To Create the Dictionary Iterator """ 
    sheet = excel.__book__.sheet_by_name(sheetname) 
    for row in range(excel.__sheets__[sheetname]['firstrow'],\ 
       excel.__sheets__[sheetname]['rows']): 
     types,values = sheet.row_types(row),sheet.row_values(row) 
     formattedrow = excel.__formatrow__(types, values, tupledate) 
     # Pad a Short Row With Blanks if Needed 
     for i in range(len(formattedrow),\ 
         len(excel.__sheets__[sheetname]['variables'])): 
      formattedrow.append('') 
     yield dict(zip(excel.__sheets__[sheetname]['variables'],formattedrow)) 
## end of http://code.activestate.com/recipes/483742/ }}}