使用python3.5將實時數據從Arduino鏈接到pyqt5的LCDNumber

Question

我對於製作GUI相當新穎。我爲一個項目設計了一個項目，我希望LCD可以隨着Arduino中的數據進行更新。我使用pyqt5來轉換我的Qtdesigner GUI。麻煩的是我不知道如何將傳入的數據鏈接到GUI。

目前我有一個程序收集我想要的所有數據，並打開由Qtdesigner創建的顯示。在附圖中，所選的LCD在對象名稱中稱爲：lcdNumber_4。

""" 
SCSU DYNO GUI PROGRAM 

created 10/20/2017 

""" 


import sys 
import time 
import serial 
import serial.tools.list_ports 
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets 
from PyQt5.QtCore import QThread,QTimer 
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMessageBox,QWidget 
from DynoTest1 import Ui_DynoTest1 
import csv 
import numpy as np 
import warnings 
import serial 
import serial.tools.list_ports 

__author__ = 'Matt Munn' 

class GetData(QThread): 
    def __init__(self):   

     QThread.__init__(self) 

     arduino_ports = [ # automatically searches for an Arduino and selects the port it's on 
      p.device 
      for p in serial.tools.list_ports.comports() 
      if 'Arduino' in p.description 
     ] 
     if not arduino_ports: 
      raise IOError("No Arduino found - is it plugged in? If so, restart computer.") 
     if len(arduino_ports) > 1: 
      warnings.warn('Multiple Arduinos found - using the first') 
     self.ArduinoData = serial.Serial(arduino_ports[0], 9600, timeout = 1) 
     self.ArduinoData.close() 
     self.ArduinoData.open() 


     self.Arduino.flush() 
     self.Arduino.reset_input_buffer() 

     start_time=time.time() 
     Distance = 0.5 # This is how long the lever arm is in feet 

    def __del__(self): # part of the standard format of a QThread 

     self.wait() 
    def run(self): # also a required QThread function, the working part  

     while True: 
      while (Arduino.inWaiting()==0): 
       pass 
      try: 
       data = Arduino.readline() 
       dataarray = data.decode().rstrip().split(',') 
       Arduino.reset_input_buffer() 
       Force = round(float(dataarray[0]),3) 
       RPM = round(float (dataarray[1]),3) 
       Torque = round(Force * Distance,3) 
       HorsePower = round(Torque * RPM/5252,3) 
       Run_Time = round(time.time()-start_time,3) 
       print (Force , 'Grams',"," , RPM ,'RPMs',"," ,Torque,"ft-lbs",",", HorsePower, "hp", Run_Time, "Time Elasped") 
      except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit,IndexError,ValueError): 
       pass 


class GUI(Ui_DynoTest1): # create GUI and functionality 



    def __init__(self): 
     self.MainWindow = QtWidgets.QWidget() # pull code from DynoTest1.py and initialize 
     self.setupUi(self.MainWindow) 




def main(): # follow PYQT5 proper format for a GUI 

    app=QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)  
    Dyno = GUI() 
    Dyno.MainWindow.show() 
    sys.exit(app.exec_()) 
# In[8]: 
if __name__ == '__main__': 

    main() 

---

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'dynotest1.ui' 
# 
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.9 
# 
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost! 

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets 

class Ui_DynoTest1(object): 
    def setupUi(self, DynoTest1): 
     DynoTest1.setObjectName("DynoTest1") 
     DynoTest1.resize(1001, 695) 
     self.verticalLayout_4 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(DynoTest1) 
     self.verticalLayout_4.setObjectName("verticalLayout_4") 
     self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout() 
     self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2") 
     self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout() 
     self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout") 
     self.verticalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout() 
     self.verticalLayout_3.setObjectName("verticalLayout_3") 
     self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout() 
     self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout") 
     self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(DynoTest1) 
     self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2") 
     self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_2, 1, 0, 1, 1) 
     self.pushButton_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(DynoTest1) 
     self.pushButton_4.setObjectName("pushButton_4") 
     self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_4, 1, 1, 1, 1) 
     self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(DynoTest1) 
     self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3") 
     self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_3, 0, 1, 1, 1) 
     self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(DynoTest1) 
     self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton") 
     self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton, 0, 0, 1, 1) 
     self.verticalLayout_3.addLayout(self.gridLayout) 
     self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(DynoTest1) 
     self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3") 
     self.verticalLayout_3.addWidget(self.label_3) 
     self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(DynoTest1) 
     self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2") 
     self.verticalLayout_3.addWidget(self.label_2) 
     self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(DynoTest1) 
     self.label.setObjectName("label") 
     self.verticalLayout_3.addWidget(self.label) 
     self.horizontalLayout.addLayout(self.verticalLayout_3) 
     self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout() 
     self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout") 
     self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(DynoTest1) 
     self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5") 
     self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label_5) 
     self.lcdNumber_4 = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(DynoTest1) 
     self.lcdNumber_4.setObjectName("lcdNumber_4") 
     self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lcdNumber_4) 
     self.lcdNumber_5 = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(DynoTest1) 
     self.lcdNumber_5.setObjectName("lcdNumber_5") 
     self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lcdNumber_5) 
     self.lcdNumber_6 = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(DynoTest1) 
     self.lcdNumber_6.setObjectName("lcdNumber_6") 
     self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lcdNumber_6) 
     self.horizontalLayout.addLayout(self.verticalLayout) 
     self.verticalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout() 
     self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName("verticalLayout_2") 
     self.label_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(DynoTest1) 
     self.label_6.setObjectName("label_6") 
     self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.label_6) 
     self.lcdNumber = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(DynoTest1) 
     self.lcdNumber.setObjectName("lcdNumber") 
     self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.lcdNumber) 
     self.lcdNumber_2 = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(DynoTest1) 
     self.lcdNumber_2.setObjectName("lcdNumber_2") 
     self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.lcdNumber_2) 
     self.lcdNumber_3 = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(DynoTest1) 
     self.lcdNumber_3.setObjectName("lcdNumber_3") 
     self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.lcdNumber_3) 
     self.horizontalLayout.addLayout(self.verticalLayout_2) 
     self.horizontalLayout_2.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout) 
     self.verticalLayout_5 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout() 
     self.verticalLayout_5.setObjectName("verticalLayout_5") 
     self.label_7 = QtWidgets.QLabel(DynoTest1) 
     self.label_7.setObjectName("label_7") 
     self.verticalLayout_5.addWidget(self.label_7) 
     self.lcdNumber_7 = QtWidgets.QLCDNumber(DynoTest1) 
     self.lcdNumber_7.setObjectName("lcdNumber_7") 
     self.verticalLayout_5.addWidget(self.lcdNumber_7) 
     self.horizontalLayout_2.addLayout(self.verticalLayout_5) 
     self.verticalLayout_4.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_2) 
     self.graphicsView = QtWidgets.QGraphicsView(DynoTest1) 
     self.graphicsView.setStyleSheet("border-image: url(:/newPrefix/husky_head5.png);") 
     self.graphicsView.setObjectName("graphicsView") 
     self.verticalLayout_4.addWidget(self.graphicsView) 

     self.retranslateUi(DynoTest1) 
     QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(DynoTest1) 

    def retranslateUi(self, DynoTest1): 
     _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate 
     DynoTest1.setWindowTitle(_translate("DynoTest1", "DynoTest1")) 
     self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "Pause")) 
     self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "Print")) 
     self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "Stop")) 
     self.pushButton.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "Start")) 
     self.label_3.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:18pt; font-weight:600;\">RPMs</span></p></body></html>")) 
     self.label_2.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:18pt; font-weight:600;\">Torque (ft-lbs)</span></p></body></html>")) 
     self.label.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:18pt; font-weight:600;\">Horse Power</span></p></body></html>")) 
     self.label_5.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:18pt; font-weight:600;\">Now</span></p></body></html>")) 
     self.label_6.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:18pt; font-weight:600;\">Max</span></p></body></html>")) 
     self.label_7.setText(_translate("DynoTest1", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:18pt; font-weight:600;\">Run Time</span></p></body></html>")) 

import Resource_rc 

Answer 1

對於正確的操作我已經修改了一些變量的名字，因爲他們不使用它們匹配。爲了在PyQt的元素之間發送信息，建議使用信號和插槽，爲此，您必須在QThread中創建一個信號，該信號發送需要在GUI中顯示的信息，我們使用pyqtSignal()來指示類型要發送的參數。

class GetData(QThread): 
    dataChanged = pyqtSignal(float, float, float, float) 
    Distance = 0.5 

    def __init__(self, parent=None): 
     QThread.__init__(self, parent) 

     arduino_ports = [ # automatically searches for an Arduino and selects the port it's on 
      p.device 
      for p in serial.tools.list_ports.comports() 
      if 'Arduino' in p.description 
     ] 

     if not arduino_ports: 
      raise IOError("No Arduino found - is it plugged in? If so, restart computer.") 
     if len(arduino_ports) > 1: 
      warnings.warn('Multiple Arduinos found - using the first') 
     self.Arduino = serial.Serial(arduino_ports[0], 9600, timeout=1) 

    def __del__(self): # part of the standard format of a QThread 
     self.wait() 

    def run(self): # also a required QThread function, the working part 
     self.Arduino.close() 
     self.Arduino.open() 

     self.Arduino.flush() 
     self.Arduino.reset_input_buffer() 
     start_time = time.time() 

     while True: 
      while self.Arduino.inWaiting() == 0: 
       pass 
      try: 
       data = self.Arduino.readline() 
       dataarray = data.decode().rstrip().split(',') 
       self.Arduino.reset_input_buffer() 
       Force = round(float(dataarray[0]), 3) 
       RPM = round(float(dataarray[1]), 3) 
       Torque = round(Force * GetData.Distance, 3) 
       HorsePower = round(Torque * RPM/5252, 3) 
       Run_Time = round(time.time() - start_time, 3) 
       print(Force, 'Grams', ",", RPM, 'RPMs', ",", Torque, "ft-lbs", ",", HorsePower, "hp", Run_Time, 
         "Time Elasped") 
       self.dataChanged.emit(RPM, Torque, HorsePower, Run_Time) 
      except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit, IndexError, ValueError): 
       pass 

的Qt Designer提供了設計，不提供控件，對於最好是從一個小窗口創建一個類繼承和使用設計，創建QThread的實例和dataChanged信號連接到某些插槽，並且在那個位置是我們將值放在QLCDNumber中的位置。

class GUI(QWidget, Ui_DynoTest1): 
    def __init__(self, parent=None): 
     QWidget.__init__(self, parent) 
     self.setupUi(self) 
     self.thread = GetData(self) 
     self.thread.dataChanged.connect(self.onDataChanged) 
     self.thread.start() 

    def onDataChanged(self, RPM, Torque, HorsePower, Run_Time): 
     self.lcdNumber_4.display(RPM) 
     self.lcdNumber_5.display(Torque) 
     self.lcdNumber_6.display(HorsePower) 
     self.lcdNumber_7.display(Run_Time) 


if __name__ == '__main__': 
    import sys 
    app = QApplication(sys.argv) 
    Dyno = GUI() 
    Dyno.show() 
    sys.exit(app.exec_())