在從shell腳本將文件傳輸到perl腳本之後詢問其他輸入

Question

我正在研究一個學校項目，該項目涉及到一個主要的shell腳本，它將提示用戶輸入一個包含50個單詞的文本文件。如果shell腳本在與shell和perl腳本相同的目錄中找到該文件，它將打印一個菜單，詢問用戶是否想要使用shell對列表進行排序，並將排序後的列表輸出到新文件（該文件已完成和作品），調用perl腳本，perl腳本將在那裏獲取該文件並打印該文件中的所有單詞，然後提示用戶輸入他們想要搜索的單詞。這將返回列表中該單詞的哪一行。我所做的是，如果用戶選擇使用perl腳本進行排序，我們將輸入的文件在shell中通過管道傳遞給perl腳本：

cat $ filename | ./search.pl

恰好成功將文件傳輸到我們可以使用它的perl腳本。第一個while循環是我們訪問列表並打印每個單詞/行以供用戶查看的地方，它可以正常工作。 但這是我遇到麻煩的地方。在打印完整個列表之後，要求輸入他們要搜索的單詞的printf行將會打印，但是程序會停止而不允許再輸入，然後返回到終端。我對這個搜索腳本的邏輯是，我們爲用戶打印每個單詞以查看他們可以搜索的內容，然後詢問他們想要搜索的內容，然後在shell腳本中查看輸入的文件，循環;如果我們找到它，打印出我們發現它的那一行，如果我們沒有找到它，那麼轉到下一行，如果我們發現它沒有找到它，只是打印它找不到它。

爲什麼我無法輸入更多的輸入與調用STDIN並將其分配給$ word在第二個while循環中使用？此外，當我正在做第二個while循環時，在請求不同的輸出會讓事情變得糟糕之後，它本身正在使用<>如果是這樣，我如何再次對第二個while循環的文件進行引用？

#!/usr/bin/env perl 

$count = 1; #global variable for return value 
       # of words. 

while (<>) { 
    printf "$_"; 
} 
#Now that we have opened the file, printed off everything for the user to see, they can now enter a  word in a prompt to 
# see what line it is on. 

printf "\nPlease enter the word you want to search for\n"; 
my $word = <STDIN>; 
chomp $word; 

while ($line = <>) { 
    if ($line =~ m/$word/) { 
     print "$word has been found on line $count.\n\n"; 
    } elsif ($line !=~ m/$word/) { 
     $count++; 
    } else { 
     print "$word cannot be found."; 
    } 
} 

殼牌腳本（供參考）：

#!/bin/bash 

clear 
printf "Hello. \nPlease input a filename for a file containing a list of words you would like to use.  Please allow for one word per line.\n -> " 
read filename 
printf "You have entered the filename: $filename.\n" 

if [ -f "$filename" ] #check if the file even exists in the current directory to use 
then 
    printf "The file $filename exists. What would you like to do with this file?\n\n" 
else 
    printf "The file: $filename, does not exist. Rerun this shell script and please enter a valid file with it's proper file extension. An example of this would be mywords.txt \n\nNow exiting.\n\n" 
    exit 
fi 

printf "Main Menu\n" 
printf "=========\n" 
printf "Select 1 to sort file using Shell and output to a new file.\n" 
printf "Select 2 to sort file using Perl and output to a new file.\n" 
printf "Select 3 to search for a word using Perl.\n" 
printf "Select 4 to exit.\n\n" 

echo "Please enter your selection below" 
read selection 
printf "You have selected option $selection.\n" 

if [ $selection -eq "1" ] 
then 
    read -p "What would you like to call the new file? " newfile #asks user what they want to call the new file that will have the sorted list outputted to it 
    sort $filename > $newfile 
    echo "Your file: $newfile, has been created." 
fi 

if [ $selection -eq "2" ] 
then 
    read -p "What would you like to call the new file? " newfile2 
    cat $filename | ./sort.pl 
    # > $newfile2 #put the sorted list into the new output file that the user specificed with newfile2 
fi 

if [ $selection -eq "3" ] 
then 
    cat $filename | ./search.pl 
fi 

if [ $selection -eq "4" ] 
then 
    printf "Now exiting.\n\n" 
    exit 
fi 

Answer 1

我已經修改您的代碼如下所示。爲了您的理解，我一直在發表評論，但儘量避免在不需要的地方發表評論。

代碼：

#!/usr/bin/env perl  
use strict; 
use warnings; 

#Input File passing as an argument to the program 
my $InFile = $ARGV[0]; 

#Opening and reading a file using filehandle $fh 
open my $fh,'<', $InFile or die "Couldn't open the file $InFile : $!"; 

while (<$fh>) { 
    printf "$_";   
} 

# Seek function as shown below will reset the file handle position to beginning of the file 
seek($fh, 0, 0); 
printf "\nPlease enter the word you want to search for\n"; 
my $word = <STDIN>; 
chomp $word; 
my $count = 1; #global variable for return value of words    
my $val = 0; 

while (my $line = <$fh>) { 
    if ($line =~ m/$word/) { 
     print "$word has been found on line $count.\n\n"; 
     $val++; 
    } 
    elsif ($line !~ m/$word/) { 
     $count++; 
    } 
} 
if ($val == 0) { 
    print "$word cannot be found"; 
} 

close($fh);