如何修復PG :: InvalidParameterValue：ERROR：

每次我嘗試運行如何修復PG :: InvalidParameterValue：ERROR：

bundle exec rake db:create db:migrate

我得到這個錯誤：

PG::InvalidParameterValue: ERROR: new encoding (UTF8) is incompatible with the encoding of the template database (SQL_ASCII) 
HINT: Use the same encoding as in the template database, or use template0 as template. 
: CREATE DATABASE "ruby-getting-started_development" ENCODING = 'unicode' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:155:in `async_exec' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:155:in `block in execute' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:484:in `block in log' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.8/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:478:in `log' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:154:in `execute' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb:78:in `create_database' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:15:in `create' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:93:in `create' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:107:in `block in create_current' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:276:in `block in each_current_configuration' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:275:in `each' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:275:in `each_current_configuration' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:106:in `create_current' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:17:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:250:in `block in execute' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:250:in `each' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:250:in `execute' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:194:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' 
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/monitor.rb:214:in `mon_synchronize' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:187:in `invoke_with_call_chain' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:180:in `invoke' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:152:in `invoke_task' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `each' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `block in top_level' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:117:in `run_with_threads' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:102:in `top_level' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:80:in `block in run' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:178:in `standard_exception_handling' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:77:in `run' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/exe/rake:27:in `<top (required)>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/rake:23:in `load' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/rake:23:in `<main>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>' 
Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "pool"=>5, "database"=>"ruby-getting-started_development"} 
PG::InvalidParameterValue: ERROR: new encoding (UTF8) is incompatible with the encoding of the template database (SQL_ASCII) 
HINT: Use the same encoding as in the template database, or use template0 as template. 
: CREATE DATABASE "ruby-getting-started_test" ENCODING = 'unicode' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:155:in `async_exec' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:155:in `block in execute' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:484:in `block in log' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.8/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:478:in `log' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb:154:in `execute' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb:78:in `create_database' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/postgresql_database_tasks.rb:15:in `create' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:93:in `create' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:107:in `block in create_current' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:276:in `block in each_current_configuration' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:275:in `each' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:275:in `each_current_configuration' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:106:in `create_current' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:17:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:250:in `block in execute' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:250:in `each' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:250:in `execute' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:194:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' 
/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/monitor.rb:214:in `mon_synchronize' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:187:in `invoke_with_call_chain' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/task.rb:180:in `invoke' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:152:in `invoke_task' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `each' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:108:in `block in top_level' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:117:in `run_with_threads' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:102:in `top_level' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:80:in `block in run' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:178:in `standard_exception_handling' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/lib/rake/application.rb:77:in `run' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/exe/rake:27:in `<top (required)>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/rake:23:in `load' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/rake:23:in `<main>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>' 
Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "pool"=>5, "database"=>"ruby-getting-started_test"} 
rake aborted! 
ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError: FATAL: database "ruby-getting-started_development" does not exist 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:661:in `rescue in connect' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `connect' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:242:in `initialize' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `new' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `postgresql_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:438:in `new_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:448:in `checkout_new_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:422:in `acquire_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:349:in `block in checkout' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:348:in `checkout' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:263:in `block in connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:262:in `connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:571:in `retrieve_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:113:in `retrieve_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:87:in `connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/migration.rb:916:in `initialize' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/migration.rb:823:in `new' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/migration.rb:823:in `up' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/migration.rb:801:in `migrate' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:137:in `migrate' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:44:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/exe/rake:27:in `<top (required)>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>' 
PG::ConnectionBad: FATAL: database "ruby-getting-started_development" does not exist 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `initialize' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `new' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `connect' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:242:in `initialize' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `new' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:44:in `postgresql_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:438:in `new_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:448:in `checkout_new_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:422:in `acquire_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:349:in `block in checkout' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:348:in `checkout' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:263:in `block in connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:262:in `connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:571:in `retrieve_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:113:in `retrieve_connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:87:in `connection' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/migration.rb:916:in `initialize' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/migration.rb:823:in `new' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/migration.rb:823:in `up' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/migration.rb:801:in `migrate' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:137:in `migrate' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:44:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rake-12.0.0/exe/rake:27:in `<top (required)>' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval' 
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>' 
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate 
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

這是我的database.yml文件看起來像

# PostgreSQL. Versions 8.2 and up are supported. 
# 
# Install the pg driver: 
# gem install pg 
# On OS X with Homebrew: 
# gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/usr/local/bin/pg_config 
# On OS X with MacPorts: 
# gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/postgresql84/bin/pg_config 
# On Windows: 
# gem install pg 
#  Choose the win32 build. 
#  Install PostgreSQL and put its /bin directory on your path. 
# 
# Configure Using Gemfile 
# gem 'pg' 
# 
default: &default 
    adapter: postgresql 
    encoding: unicode 
    # For details on connection pooling, see rails configuration guide 
    # http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#database-pooling 
    pool: 5 


development: 
    <<: *default 
    database: ruby-getting-started_development 


    # The specified database role being used to connect to postgres. 
    # To create additional roles in postgres see `$ createuser --help`. 
    # When left blank, postgres will use the default role. This is 
    # the same name as the operating system user that initialized the database. 
    #username: ruby-getting-started 

    # The password associated with the postgres role (username). 
    #password: 

    # Connect on a TCP socket. Omitted by default since the client uses a 
    # domain socket that doesn't need configuration. Windows does not have 
    # domain sockets, so uncomment these lines. 
    #host: localhost 

# The TCP port the server listens on. Defaults to 5432. 
# If your server runs on a different port number, change accordingly. 
#port: 5432 

    # Schema search path. The server defaults to $user,public 
    #schema_search_path: myapp,sharedapp,public 

    # Minimum log levels, in increasing order: 
    # debug5, debug4, debug3, debug2, debug1, 
    # log, notice, warning, error, fatal, and panic 
    # Defaults to warning. 
    #min_messages: notice 

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and 
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake". 
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production. 
test: 
    <<: *default 
    database: ruby-getting-started_test 


# As with config/secrets.yml, you never want to store sensitive information, 
# like your database password, in your source code. If your source code is 
# ever seen by anyone, they now have access to your database. 
# 
# Instead, provide the password as a unix environment variable when you boot 
# the app. Read http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#configuring-a-database 
# for a full rundown on how to provide these environment variables in a 
# production deployment. 
# 
# On Heroku and other platform providers, you may have a full connection URL 
# available as an environment variable. For example: 
# 
# DATABASE_URL="postgres://myuser:[email protected]/somedatabase" 
# 
# You can use this database configuration with: 
# 
# production: 
#  url: <%= ENV['DATABASE_URL'] %> 
# 
production: 
    <<: *default 
    database: ruby-getting-started_production 
    username: ruby-getting-started 
    password: <%= ENV['RUBY-GETTING-STARTED_DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

有誰知道如何解決它？

來源

2017-06-19 bockdavidson

同類問題詢問here。這個答案也適用於你的問題。

您在postgres中創建的每個數據庫都拷貝了template1 DB（它是系統數據庫）。你的問題是，template1 DB的編碼不是unicode。所以你有兩種選擇，（a）將template1的編碼更改爲unicode或（b）使用template0在postgres中創建新的數據庫。 template0是一個沒有編碼信息的系統數據庫，所以它使用指定的編碼。以下解決方案使用選項-b。

讓下面的更改您的database.yml文件：

development: 
    <<: *default 
    database: ruby-getting-started_development 
    template: template0

來源

2017-06-19 15:30:36 Ucpuzz

好吧，我明白了，但在代碼中我做與模板的東西那些編輯？ – bockdavidson

我不認爲我有一個包含那些東西的文件？ – bockdavidson

我更新了我的答案，讓我知道它是否有效。 – Ucpuzz

如何修復PG :: InvalidParameterValue：ERROR：

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