如何註釋/突出顯示MatPlotLib中的3D圖

Question

我想在3D空間中做這樣的事情：http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/_images/86cbd17f31.png。基本上我想突出表面圖的一部分。有什麼建議麼？

Answer 1

EDIT3（它取代了非常錯誤引導前面的答案）

再次更新。請參閱評論

如果向下鑽取到由圖產生的多邊形集合，您可以修改曲面圖的面部顏色。它做了一些神奇的陰影，並根據zorder對顏色列表重新排序，所以我很難找出如何將指定的陰影保留在未加亮區域，但仍然能夠對感興趣區域進行索引。這是一種可行的方法。我希望你想要陰影面，而不是某種3D半透明列。這也可以完成，但我認爲很難說出什麼是突出顯示的，並且定義zorder會非常棘手。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
from matplotlib import cm 
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D 
import numpy as np 
import mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d as art3d 
from matplotlib.patches import Rectangle, PathPatch 

fig = plt.figure() 
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d') 
X = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25) 
Y = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25) 
X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y) 
R = np.sqrt(X**2 + Y**2) 
Z = np.sin(R) 

xlo = X.min() 
xhi = X.max() 
ylo = Y.min() 
yhi = Y.max() 
zlo = -2 
zhi = 2 

surf = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=1, cstride=1, linewidth=1, zorder=100) 
cset = ax.contour(X, Y, Z, zdir='z', offset=zlo, alpha=0.0) 

def highlight((xmin, xmax),(ymin, ymax)): 
    # draw highlight on xz plane 
    p1 = Rectangle((ymin,zlo),(ymax-ymin),(zhi-zlo), color='y', alpha=0.5, zorder=0) 
    ax.add_patch(p1) 
    art3d.pathpatch_2d_to_3d(p1, z=xlo, zdir='x') 

    # draw highlight on yz plane 
    p2 = Rectangle((xmin,zlo),(xmax-xmin),(zhi-zlo), color='y', alpha=0.5, zorder=0) 
    ax.add_patch(p2) 
    art3d.pathpatch_2d_to_3d(p2, z=yhi, zdir='y') 

    # define a region to highlight 
    highlight = (X>xmin)&(X<xmax)&(Y>ymin)&(Y<ymax) 
    coll = ax.collections[0] 
    # get the original color shading (if you want to keep that effect) 
    colors = coll._facecolors_original 
    #colors = coll.get_facecolors() 
    # they are stored as a list for some reason so get the flat indicies 
    for idx in np.where(highlight[:-1,:-1].flat)[0]: 
     # and modifly one-by-one 
     color = colors[idx][:] 
     colors[idx][0] = color[2] # swap red with blue 
     colors[idx][3] = color[0] 
     colors[idx][4] = .2 #change alpha 
    # re-set the face colors 
    coll.set_facecolors(colors) 

highlight((-3,0),(-3,1)) 

ax.set_xlim3d(xlo, xhi) 
ax.set_ylim3d(ylo, yhi) 
ax.set_zlim3d(zlo, zhi) 

plt.show()