從XML中的可選元素生成xsd

Question

我試圖從2個xml文檔生成xsd。在這2個xml文檔中，有一些簡單元素（<SubTotal>和<Tax>）和複雜類型元素（<SubTotals>）是可選的;這意味着它們可能存在或不存在於XML文檔中。以下是2個示例XML文檔和1個破解的xsd文檔。

我生成的xsd文件，但它不工作。通過使用生成的xsd文檔，當我驗證XML文檔時，第一個XML文檔是有效的，但第二個xml文檔不是。 我希望xsd能夠同時處理XML文檔。這2個xml文檔中的xml數據是有效的。

在第一個XML文檔，可選簡單類型<SubTotal>和<Tax>元件本，但可選的複雜<SubTotals>型元件是缺席。

在第二XML文檔中，可選的複雜類型<SubTotals>元件是本，但2個可選的簡單類型<SubTotal>和<Tax>元件缺席。

以下是第1個xml文檔。已成功驗證成功。

<ReceiptMessage> 
    <DeviceId>AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF</DeviceId> 
    <From>temp@somewhere.com</From> 
    <To>abc@xyz.com</To> 
    <Subject>Your Receipt - Version 1</Subject> 
    <OptIn>255</OptIn> 
    <Receipt> 
    <CheckNo>13254</CheckNo> 
    <TableId>1</TableId> 
    <ReceiptDate>2015-09-23T11:20:00</ReceiptDate> 
    <Server>Joy Server</Server> 
    <CardNo>48757-Loyalty</CardNo> 
    <PaymentMode>Credit Card</PaymentMode> 
    <ReceiptHeader> 
     <string>Some Header 1</string> 
     <string>Some header 2</string> 
    </ReceiptHeader> 
    <SubTotal>35.00</SubTotal> 
    <Tax>1.00</Tax> 
    <Total>36.00</Total> 
    <Gratuity>2.00</Gratuity> 
    <SplitCheckTotal>38.00</SplitCheckTotal> 
    <Tip>1.50</Tip> 
    <AmountPaid>39.50</AmountPaid> 
    <ReceiptItems> 
     <ReceiptItem> 
     <ItemName>Pizza Hut ABC</ItemName> 
     <Qty>2</Qty> 
     <Price>4.00</Price> 
     </ReceiptItem> 
     <ReceiptItem> 
     <ItemName>Burito 289</ItemName> 
     <Qty>1</Qty> 
     <Price>8.35</Price> 
     </ReceiptItem> 
    </ReceiptItems> 
    <ReceiptFooter> 
     <string>Thank you for your shopping at our site</string> 
     <string>Please come back</string> 
    </ReceiptFooter> 
    <ReceiptSurvey> 
     <string>Survey 1 content</string> 
     <string>Survey - go to our site and register for sweeptakes</string> 
    </ReceiptSurvey> 
    </Receipt> 
</ReceiptMessage> 

以下是第2個xml文檔。是無效。

<ReceiptMessage> 
    <DeviceId>AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF</DeviceId> 
    <From>temp@somedomain.com</From> 
    <To>abc@somedomain.com</To> 
    <Subject>Your Receipt from XYZ- Version 2</Subject> 
    <OptIn>255</OptIn> 
    <Receipt> 
    <CheckNo>17282</CheckNo> 
    <TableId>Table ABC</TableId> 
    <ReceiptDate>2015-09-23T16:32:59.4561339-05:00</ReceiptDate> 
    <Server>John Doe</Server> 
    <CardNo>2920202</CardNo> 
    <PaymentMode>Credit Card</PaymentMode> 
    <ReceiptHeader> 
     <string>Header 1</string> 
     <string>Header 2</string> 
    </ReceiptHeader> 
    <SubTotals> 
     <SubtotalItem Label="Subtotal">25.00</SubtotalItem> 
     <SubtotalItem Label="Sales Tax">3.00</SubtotalItem> 
     <SubtotalItem Label="City Tax">1.15</SubtotalItem> 
     <SubtotalItem Label="County Tax">2.25</SubtotalItem> 
     <SubtotalItem Label="State Tax">1.25</SubtotalItem> 
    </SubTotals> 
    <Total>32.65</Total> 
    <Gratuity>2.00</Gratuity> 
    <SplitCheckTotal>0.5</SplitCheckTotal> 
    <Tip>3.00</Tip> 
    <AmountPaid>38.15</AmountPaid> 
    <ReceiptItems> 
     <ReceiptItem> 
     <ItemName>Pizza</ItemName> 
     <Qty>1</Qty> 
     <Price>5.32</Price> 
     </ReceiptItem> 
     <ReceiptItem> 
     <ItemName>Burito</ItemName> 
     <Qty>2</Qty> 
     <Price>10.99</Price> 
     </ReceiptItem> 
    </ReceiptItems> 
    <ReceiptFooter> 
     <string>Footer 1</string> 
     <string>Footer 2</string> 
    </ReceiptFooter> 
    <ReceiptSurvey> 
     <string>Go to our site to register and win awards to</string> 
    </ReceiptSurvey> 
    </Receipt> 
</ReceiptMessage> 

我想爲以下生成的xsd擁有正確的版本。它應該與這2個XML文檔一起工作。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> 
    <xs:element name="ReceiptMessage" nillable="true" type="ReceiptMessage" /> 
    <xs:complexType name="ReceiptMessage"> 
    <xs:complexContent mixed="false"> 
     <xs:extension base="EmailParams"> 
     <xs:sequence> 
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="OptIn" type="xs:unsignedByte" /> 
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Receipt" type="ReceiptData" /> 
     </xs:sequence> 
     </xs:extension> 
    </xs:complexContent> 
    </xs:complexType> 
    <xs:complexType name="EmailParams"> 
    <xs:sequence> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="DeviceId" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="From" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="To" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Subject" type="xs:string" /> 
    </xs:sequence> 
    </xs:complexType> 
    <xs:complexType name="ReceiptData"> 
    <xs:sequence> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CheckNo" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="TableId" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptDate" type="xs:dateTime" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Server" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CardNo" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="PaymentMode" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptHeader" type="ArrayOfString" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="SubTotal" nillable="true" type="xs:double" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Tax" nillable="true" type="xs:double" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="SubTotals" type="ArrayOfSubtotalItem" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Total" type="xs:double" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Gratuity" type="xs:double" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="SplitCheckTotal" type="xs:double" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Tip" type="xs:double" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="AmountPaid" type="xs:double" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptItems" type="ArrayOfReceiptItem" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptFooter" type="ArrayOfString" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptSurvey" type="ArrayOfString" /> 
    </xs:sequence> 
    </xs:complexType> 
    <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfString"> 
    <xs:sequence> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="string" nillable="true" type="xs:string" /> 
    </xs:sequence> 
    </xs:complexType> 
    <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfSubtotalItem"> 
    <xs:sequence> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="SubtotalItem" nillable="true" type="SubtotalItem" /> 
    </xs:sequence> 
    </xs:complexType> 
    <xs:complexType name="SubtotalItem"> 
    <xs:simpleContent> 
     <xs:extension base="xs:double"> 
     <xs:attribute name="Label" type="xs:string" /> 
     </xs:extension> 
    </xs:simpleContent> 
    </xs:complexType> 
    <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfReceiptItem"> 
    <xs:sequence> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="ReceiptItem" nillable="true" type="ReceiptItem" /> 
    </xs:sequence> 
    </xs:complexType> 
    <xs:complexType name="ReceiptItem"> 
    <xs:sequence> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ItemName" type="xs:string" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Qty" type="xs:double" /> 
     <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Price" type="xs:double" /> 
    </xs:sequence> 
    </xs:complexType> 
</xs:schema> 

我用下面的免費在線工具，基於生成的XSD來驗證我的XML文檔：

http://www.freeformatter.com/xml-validator-xsd.html

Answer 1

你的代碼有：

<xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="SubTotal" nillable="true" type="xs:double" /> 
<xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Tax" nillable="true" type="xs:double" /> 

你寫了這個ometimes Tax或SubTotal可能不存在。換句話說，minOccurs應該設置爲0。

通常，當您從實例XML文檔自動生成XSD時，XSD生成器將無法評估這些差距，原因很簡單，因爲實例XML文檔中的信息永遠不會完整。

充其量，這樣的自動生成可以讓你繼續，但是之後你總是需要做一些調整。使用一個好的（圖形）XSD設計器（oXygen，Visual Studio，Eclipse，LiquidXML等），它可以通過一個方便的界面拖放和設置屬性。