c線程;快速和便攜？

Question

ansi c99中的主題。我正在尋找快速的東西，並且是跨平臺的（或者至少是win/mac/linux）。我在這裏有什麼選擇？

• pthreads-32不再活躍（2006年的最新更新）。

• 我正在使用MinGW作爲編譯器，所以正常的pthreads可能工作？

• 升壓是好的，但只有C++

• protothreads看好？ http://www.sics.se/~adam/pt/

• OpenMP需要編譯器支持，並且對我的需求來說似乎很大。

• 我正在使用OpenCL;但對於CPU上的「簡單線程」使用似乎很尷尬，並且不支持所有內容（也就是說，製作線程播放音樂確實很困難/不可能）。

Answer 1

首先，您使用的是OpenCL，爲什麼OpenMP會「爲您的需要大」？編譯器支持不是問題。我相信沒有編譯器支持/「與OpenCL協同工作」，而OpenCL不支持OpenMP。

其次，pthreads-win32可能看起來很舊，但它並不是多餘的或「壞」的，因爲它。很多項目仍然使用該庫成功。

我會去這個列表（按優先順序排列）：

1. 的OpenMP（簡單，可移植性）
2. 並行線程（便攜）
3. C++ 2011線又名Boost.Thread（但是C++，而不是C）
4. pthreads在Windows上的POSIX，Win32線程。

順便說一句，OpenCL不使用完全獨立的小程序的內核，這些程序根據硬件具有自己的並行執行，無論您如何在內核之外應用線程。

Answer 2

這裏是一個跨平臺的方式爲提供並行線程功能的標題：

// ================================================================================================================= 
// xs_CThread.h - copyright Sree Kotay 2006-2013 
// ================================================================================================================= 
#ifndef _xs_CTHREAD_H_ 
#define _xs_CTHREAD_H_ 

// ================================================================================================================= 
// basic emuation 
// ================================================================================================================= 
#if _MSC_VER>=1200 
    #include <windows.h> 
    #include <process.h> 
    #define XS_THREAD_CALL   __stdcall 
    typedef HANDLE     pthread_mutex_t; 
    typedef HANDLE     xs_threadhandle; 
    typedef unsigned int   (XS_THREAD_CALL *xs_ThreadProc)(void *); 
    #define XS_THREAD_RETURN  unsigned int 

    #define XS_TLS     _declspec(thread) 
    #define XS_runthread(th, p, d) th=(HANDLE)_beginthread(p, 0, d) 
    #define XS_endthread(th)  TerminateThread((HANDLE)th, 0) 
#elif __GNUC__>3 || (__GNUC__==3 && __GNUC_MINOR__>3) 
    #include <pthread.h> 
    #define XS_THREAD_CALL   
    typedef pthread_t    xs_threadhandle; 
    typedef void     *(*xs_ThreadProc)(void *); 
    #define XS_THREAD_RETURN  void* 

    #define XS_TLS     __thread 
    #define XS_runthread(th,p,d) pthread_create(&th, NULL, p, d) 
    #define XS_endthread(th)  pthread_cancel(th) 
#else 
    ////uh..... out'o'luck you are.... 
#endif 

// ================================================================================================================= 
// Windows emuation of pthread library 
// from mongoose webserver -- http://code.google.com/p/mongoose/ 
// 
// Copyright (c) 2004-2013 Sergey Lyubka 
// 
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy 
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal 
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights 
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell 
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is 
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: 
// 
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in 
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software. 
// 
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR 
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, 
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE 
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER 
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, 
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN 
// THE SOFTWARE. 
// ================================================================================================================= 
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__SYMBIAN32__) && !defined(_MONGOOSE_WEBSERVER_) 
typedef struct {HANDLE signal, broadcast;} pthread_cond_t; 

static int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex, void *unused) { 
    unused = NULL; 
    *mutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL); 
    return *mutex == NULL ? -1 : 0; 
} 

static int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *mutex) { 
    return CloseHandle(*mutex) == 0 ? -1 : 0; 
} 

static int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex) { 
    return WaitForSingleObject(*mutex, INFINITE) == WAIT_OBJECT_0? 0 : -1; 
} 

static int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex) { 
    return ReleaseMutex(*mutex) == 0 ? -1 : 0; 
} 

static int pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cv, const void *unused) { 
    unused = NULL; 
    cv->signal = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL); 
    cv->broadcast = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL); 
    return cv->signal != NULL && cv->broadcast != NULL ? 0 : -1; 
} 

static int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cv, pthread_mutex_t *mutex) { 
    HANDLE handles[] = {cv->signal, cv->broadcast}; 
    ReleaseMutex(*mutex); 
    WaitForMultipleObjects(2, handles, FALSE, INFINITE); 
    return WaitForSingleObject(*mutex, INFINITE) == WAIT_OBJECT_0? 0 : -1; 
} 

static int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *cv) { 
    return SetEvent(cv->signal) == 0 ? -1 : 0; 
} 

static int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *cv) { 
    return PulseEvent(cv->broadcast) == 0 ? -1 : 0; 
} 
#else 
static int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex, void *unused); 
static int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *mutex); 
static int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex); 
static int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex); 
static int pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *cv, const void *unused); 
static int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cv, pthread_mutex_t *mutex); 
static int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *cv); 
static int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *cv); 
#endif //pthread emulation 




#endif // for entire file 

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