Python：調用一個父類方法來取消一個窗口（Tkinter）會導致窗口中的兩組控件

Question

對不起，對我來說任何愚蠢或無知，但我是Python新手，並且一般編碼。我一直在試圖獲得一個用於教我自己的遊戲的UI的工作方式。我有一個主窗口和一些按鈕小工具。 Play遊戲按鈕打開第二個窗口（用於遊戲本身）並使用.withdraw方法隱藏根窗口。這工作完美。在遊戲窗口中，我有另一個按鈕，我想銷燬遊戲窗口，並將用戶帶回到已撤消的根菜單窗口。這似乎工作，除了我每次調用它，它會在窗口中創建一個新的，重複的小部件集合，所以我最終得到多個集合。

我會在底部發布我的完整代碼，但這裏是我相信的是相關部分。

tkinter Button在父類（主窗口）內調用它。這工作正常。

def playGame(self):  #Start the main game window 
    self.master.withdraw() 
    gameWindow() 

我使用的子類內的波紋管的方法來破壞遊戲窗口，然後在父類中調用一個方法帶回提前撤回窗口

def exitMenu(self): 
    self.g.destroy() 
    UI(root).showMenu() 

這個工程除了它重複每次造成這種小部件被顯示：

screen capture of result

貝婁是我的所有代碼，非常感謝你的任何 幫幫我。

import tkinter as tk 
import PIL 
from Config import * 

root = tk.Tk() 

class UI(): #Main Menu 

    def __init__(self, master): 

     #Create Main Menu Window 

     self.master = master 
     self.master.title("Monopoly") 
     self.master.wm_iconbitmap('icons\Monopoly-Icon.ico') 
     self.master.geometry((resolution)) 

     #Menu Buttons 

     self.label = tk.Label(master, text= 'Welcome to Monopoly! PLACEHOLDER') 
     self.playButton = tk.Button(master, text= 'Play Game', command= self.playGame) 
     self.settingsButton = tk.Button(master, text= 'settings', command= self.settings) 
     self.exitButton = tk.Button(master, text= 'Exit', command= self.exitGame) 

     self.label.grid(columnspan=2) 
     self.playButton.grid(column=0) 
     self.settingsButton.grid(column=0) 
     self.exitButton.grid(column=0) 

    def settings(self):  #Opens Settings Window 
     s = tk.Toplevel() 
     s.title('Settings') 
     s.wm_iconbitmap('icons\Monopoly-Icon.ico') 
     s.geometry((resolution)) 
     self.master.withdraw() 
     resLabel = tk.Label(s, text= 'Resolution') 
     resOption = tk.OptionMenu(s, resolution, *resList) 

     resLabel.grid(column=0,row=0) 
     resOption.grid(column=0, row=4) 

    def showMenu(self):  #Bring back menu windwow 
     self.master.deiconify() 

    def exitGame(self): #Exit Game Method 
     root.destroy() 

    def playGame(self):  #Start the main game window 
     self.master.withdraw() 
     gameWindow() 

class gameWindow(UI): 

    def __init__(self): 

     self.g = tk.Toplevel() 
     self.g.title('Monopoly') 
     self.g.wm_iconbitmap('icons\Monopoly-Icon.ico') 
     self.g.geometry((resolution)) 

     self.menuButton = tk.Button(self.g, text= 'Main Menu', command= self.exitMenu) 

     self.menuButton.grid(column=0,row=0) 

    def exitMenu(self): 
     self.g.destroy() 
     UI(root).showMenu() 

mainMenu = UI(root) 

root.mainloop() 

Answer 1

你應該通過父類，UI，給孩子上課gameWindow，那麼你可以使用父類的方法showMenu()在子類中。

代碼顯示在子窗口的主窗口將是：的 self.mainUI.showMenu()代替UI(root).showMenu()

兒童類變爲：

class gameWindow(UI): 

    def __init__(self, mainUI): # Make the main window a parameter/attribute 

     self.mainUI = mainUI # Make the main window a parameter/attribute 
     self.g = tk.Toplevel() 
     self.g.title('Monopoly') 
     self.g.wm_iconbitmap('icons\Monopoly-Icon.ico') 
     self.g.geometry((resolution)) 

     self.menuButton = tk.Button(self.g, text= 'Main Menu', command= self.exitMenu) 

     self.menuButton.grid(column=0,row=0) 

    def exitMenu(self): 
     self.g.destroy() 
     self.mainUI.showMenu() 

gameWindow現在需要一個參數，所以你通過它的主界面as self

def playGame(self):  #Start the main game window 
     self.master.withdraw() 
     gameWindow(self) 

您可以閱讀更多關於h iding /顯示窗口here

下面是完整的代碼：

import tkinter as tk 
import PIL 
from Config import * 

root = tk.Tk() 

class UI(): #Main Menu 

    def __init__(self, master): 

     #Create Main Menu Window 

     self.master = master 
     self.master.title("Monopoly") 
     self.master.wm_iconbitmap('icons\Monopoly-Icon.ico') 
     self.master.geometry((resolution)) 

     #Menu Buttons 

     self.label = tk.Label(master, text= 'Welcome to Monopoly! PLACEHOLDER') 
     self.playButton = tk.Button(master, text= 'Play Game', command= self.playGame) 
     self.settingsButton = tk.Button(master, text= 'settings', command= self.settings) 
     self.exitButton = tk.Button(master, text= 'Exit', command= self.exitGame) 

     self.label.grid(columnspan=2) 
     self.playButton.grid(column=0) 
     self.settingsButton.grid(column=0) 
     self.exitButton.grid(column=0) 

    def settings(self):  #Opens Settings Window 
     s = tk.Toplevel() 
     s.title('Settings') 
     s.wm_iconbitmap('icons\Monopoly-Icon.ico') 
     s.geometry((resolution)) 
     self.master.withdraw() 
     resLabel = tk.Label(s, text= 'Resolution') 
     resOption = tk.OptionMenu(s, resolution, *resList) 

     resLabel.grid(column=0,row=0) 
     resOption.grid(column=0, row=4) 

    def showMenu(self):  #Bring back menu windwow 
     self.master.deiconify() 

    def exitGame(self): #Exit Game Method 
     root.destroy() 

    def playGame(self):  #Start the main game window 
     self.master.withdraw() 
     gameWindow(self) 

class gameWindow(UI): 

    def __init__(self, mainUI): # Make the main window a parameter/attribute 

     self.mainUI = mainUI # Make the main window a parameter/attribute 
     self.g = tk.Toplevel() 
     self.g.title('Monopoly') 
     self.g.wm_iconbitmap('icons\Monopoly-Icon.ico') 
     self.g.geometry((resolution)) 

     self.menuButton = tk.Button(self.g, text= 'Main Menu', command= self.exitMenu) 

     self.menuButton.grid(column=0,row=0) 

    def exitMenu(self): 
     self.g.destroy() 
     self.mainUI.showMenu() 

mainMenu = UI(root) 

root.mainloop()