如何確定SQL Server中表的主鍵？

Question

我希望能夠在SQL Server 2005中以某種方式做的事情是使用表名作爲輸入來確定組成主鍵的所有字段。 sp_columns似乎沒有這個字段。任何想法在哪裏看？

Answer 1

我用這一個代碼生成器，我寫來獲取主鍵：

SELECT i.name AS IndexName, 
    OBJECT_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName, 
    COL_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID,ic.column_id) AS ColumnName, 
    c.is_identity, c.user_type_id, CAST(c.max_length AS int) AS max_length, 
    CAST(c.precision AS int) AS precision, CAST(c.scale AS int) AS scale 
FROM sys.indexes AS i 
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS ic 
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id 
    ON i.OBJECT_ID = ic.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = ic.index_id 
WHERE i.is_primary_key = 1 AND ic.OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID('dbo.YourTableNameHere') 
ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID), ic.key_ordinal 

Answer 2

- ANSI SQL兼容和SQL70開始工作：

select kcu.TABLE_SCHEMA, kcu.TABLE_NAME, kcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME, tc.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, kcu.COLUMN_NAME, kcu.ORDINAL_POSITION 
    from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS as tc 
    join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE as kcu 
    on kcu.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = tc.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
    and kcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = tc.CONSTRAINT_NAME 
    and kcu.TABLE_SCHEMA = tc.TABLE_SCHEMA 
    and kcu.TABLE_NAME = tc.TABLE_NAME 
where tc.CONSTRAINT_TYPE in ('PRIMARY KEY', 'UNIQUE') 
order by kcu.TABLE_SCHEMA, kcu.TABLE_NAME, tc.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, kcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME, kcu.ORDINAL_POSITION; 

- SQL Server 2005的具體：

select s.name as TABLE_SCHEMA, t.name as TABLE_NAME 
    , k.name as CONSTRAINT_NAME, k.type_desc as CONSTRAINT_TYPE 
    , c.name as COLUMN_NAME, ic.key_ordinal AS ORDINAL_POSITION 
    from sys.key_constraints as k 
    join sys.tables as t 
    on t.object_id = k.parent_object_id 
    join sys.schemas as s 
    on s.schema_id = t.schema_id 
    join sys.index_columns as ic 
    on ic.object_id = t.object_id 
    and ic.index_id = k.unique_index_id 
    join sys.columns as c 
    on c.object_id = t.object_id 
    and c.column_id = ic.column_id 
order by TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, CONSTRAINT_TYPE, CONSTRAINT_NAME, ORDINAL_POSITION; 

Answer 3

試試這個：

SELECT * 
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE 
WHERE table_name = 'your_table_name' 
    AND constraint_name LIKE 'PK%' 

Answer 4

select * 
from information_schema.Table_Constraints 
where Table_Name = @tableName 

看到這個MSDN Listing for Table Constraints。

Answer 5

我通常發現...

sp_help <table> 

給了我一切，我需要知道有關表（包括索引信息）。

Answer 6

實際上，主鍵是不同於表上的索引。也不是聚集索引。是約束，所以要尋找它的適當位置是sys.key_constraints：

select ic.key_ordinal, cl.name, ic.is_descending_key 
from sys.key_constraints c 
join sys.indexes i on c.parent_object_id = i.object_id 
    and c.unique_index_id = i.index_id 
join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = i.object_id 
    and ic.index_id = i.index_id  
join sys.columns cl on cl.object_id = i.object_id 
    and ic.column_id = cl.column_id 
where c.type = 'PK' 
    and 0 = ic.is_included_column 
    and i.object_id = object_id('<tablename>') 
order by ic.key_ordinal 

Answer 7

在SQL2005這個帶回一排名稱的主鍵，然後在「的index_keys」

給出了列的列表

sp_help myTable 

Answer 8

最後我用這個...

select cu.constraint_catalog, 
     cu.constraint_schema, 
     cu.table_name, 
     cu.constraint_name, 
     constraint_type, 
     column_name, 
     ordinal_position 

from information_schema.key_column_usage cu 

     join information_schema.table_constraints as tc 
      on tc.constraint_catalog = cu.constraint_catalog and 
       tc.constraint_schema = cu.constraint_schema and 
       tc.constraint_name = cu.constraint_name and 
       tc.table_name  = cu.table_name 

where cu.table_name = 'table_name_goes_here' 

order by constraint_name, ordinal_position 

您正在使用什麼版本的SQL Server