-3
我正在關注Silberschatz，Galvin和Gagne的操作系統概念第9版。我已經到了第3章的第一個項目，他們要求我們創建一個UNIX Shell和歷史記錄功能。我創建了一些歷史記錄和大多數shell命令我認爲（pwd，date，cal等） - 我正在嘗試將cd添加到列表中，並且在使用cd時，我得到Segmentation fault (core dumped)我的外殼。我覺得這不難實現，你只需要pwd並將它與任何你想去的地方互換。這裏是我的代碼：C - 向外殼添加CD
//Enter command 'history' for history feature and CTRL - c to exit the 'osh>' shell
/*Header files */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <wait.h>
#define MAX_LINE 80 /* The maximum length of a command */
#define BUFFER_SIZE 50
#define buffer "\n\Shell Command History:\n"
//declarations
char history[10][BUFFER_SIZE]; //history array to store history commands
int count = 0;
char *gdir, *dir, *to;
//function to display the history of commands
void displayHistory() {
printf("Shell command history:\n");
int i;
int j = 0;
int histCount = count;
//loop for iterating through commands
for (i = 0; i<10;i++) {
//command index
printf("%d. ", histCount);
while (history[i][j] != '\n' && history[i][j] != '\0') {
//printing command
printf("%c", history[i][j]);
j++;
}
printf("\n");
j = 0;
histCount--;
if (histCount == 0)
break;
}
printf("\n");
}
//Fuction to get the command from shell, tokenize it and set the args parameter
int formatCommand(char inputBuffer[], char *args[],int *flag) {
int length; // # of chars in command line
int i; // loop index for inputBuffer
int start; // index of beginning of next command
int ct = 0; // index of where to place the next parameter into args[]
int hist;
//read user input on command line and checking whether the command is !! or !n
length = read(STDIN_FILENO, inputBuffer, MAX_LINE);
start = -1;
if (length == 0)
exit(0); //end of command
if (length < 0) {
printf("Command not read\n");
exit(-1); //terminate
}
//examine each character
for (i=0;i<length;i++) {
switch (inputBuffer[i]) {
case ' ':
case '\t' : // to seperate arguments
if(start != -1) {
args[ct] = &inputBuffer[start];
ct++;
}
inputBuffer[i] = '\0'; // add a null char at the end
start = -1;
break;
case '\n': //final char
if (start != -1) {
args[ct] = &inputBuffer[start];
ct++;
}
inputBuffer[i] = '\0';
args[ct] = NULL; // no more args
break;
default :
if (start == -1)
start = i;
if (inputBuffer[i] == '&') {
*flag = 1; //this flag is the differentiate whether the child process is invoked in background
inputBuffer[i] = '\0';
}
}
}
args[ct] = NULL; //if the input line was > 80
if(strcmp(args[0],"history")==0) {
if(count>0) {
displayHistory();
} else {
printf("\nNo Commands in the history\n");
}
return -1;
} else if (args[0][0]-'!' ==0) {
int x = args[0][1]- '0';
int z = args[0][2]- '0';
if(x>count) { // second letter check
printf("\nNo Such Command in the history\n");
strcpy(inputBuffer,"Wrong command");
} else if (z!=-48) { // third letter check
printf("\nNo Such Command in the history. Enter <=!9 (buffer size is 10 along with current command)\n");
strcpy(inputBuffer,"Wrong command");
} else {
if(x==-15) {
strcpy(inputBuffer,history[0]); // this will be your 10 th(last) command
} else if(x==0) { //Checking for '!0'
printf("Enter proper command");
strcpy(inputBuffer,"Wrong command");
} else if(x>=1) { //Checking for '!n', n >=1
strcpy(inputBuffer,history[count-x]);
}
}
}
for (i = 9;i>0; i--) //Moving the history elements one step higher
strcpy(history[i], history[i-1]);
strcpy(history[0],inputBuffer); //Updating the history array with input buffer
count++;
if(count>10) {
count=10;
}
}
int main(void) {
char inputBuffer[MAX_LINE]; /* buffer to hold the input command */
int flag; // equals 1 if a command is followed by "&"
char *args[MAX_LINE/2 + 1];/* max arguments */
int should_run =1;
pid_t pid,tpid;
int i;
while (should_run) { //infinite loop for shell prompt
flag = 0; //flag =0 by default
printf("osh>");
fflush(stdout);
if(-1!=formatCommand(inputBuffer,args,&flag)) { // get next command
pid = fork();
if (!strcmp(args[0], "cd")) {
gdir = getcwd(inputBuffer, sizeof(inputBuffer));
dir = strcat(gdir, "/");
to = strcat(dir, args[1]);
chdir(to);
continue;
}
if (pid < 0) { // if pid is less than 0, forking fails
printf("Fork failed.\n");
exit (1);
} else if (pid == 0) { //if pid == 0
//command not executed
if (execvp(args[0], args) == -1) {
printf("Error executing command\n");
}
} else {
// if flag == 0, the parent will wait,
// otherwise returns to the formatCommand() function.
i++;
if (flag == 0) {
i++;
wait(NULL);
}
}
}
}
}
我也堅持如何添加批處理，以便我可以運行我的shell腳本。我有一個文件：script.sh具有代碼：
pwd
cal
date
理想的情況下，當我鍵入我的殼./script.sh它會（或者我猜我希望它）運行該腳本文件，但目前只是得到錯誤，因爲我的天堂」 t實現了這一點。如果有人能幫助我，我會堅持這兩件事，我會很感激！