IndexError：列表索引超出範圍（Python 3）

Question

我遇到了Python列表的問題。我的代碼需要3個變量（項目名稱，ID，位置）的文件存儲，所以我用一個有點複雜的系統來處理這個問題。每個項目名稱及其ID都存儲在.txt文件中，具體取決於它們的位置（myLocation的位置表示它們存儲在myLocation.txt中。）在文件內部，它們每行存儲一個名稱ID對，例如：

item1, id1 
item2, id2 

我得到的錯誤是IndexError: list index out of range。我已經搜索了答案，但我找不到可行的解決方案。

我的代碼如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python3 
from time import sleep 

# Set variables to be used later 
loadedItems = {} # Stores loaded items (as values) and item info (as list keys) 

def newItem(name, id, location): 
    print("[INFO] Adding new item.") 
    try: 
     print("[INFO] Checking if " + str(location) + ".txt exists.") 
     itemfile = open((str(location) + ".txt"), "a") # Ready to append to file if exists 
     print(location + ".txt exists.") 
    except: 
     print("[INFO] " + str(location) + ".txt does not exist.") 
     print("[INFO] Trying to create " + str(location) + ".txt.") 
     try: 
      itemfile = open((str(location) + ".txt"), "a+") # Creates file if it does not already exist 
      print("[INFO] Created " + str(location) + ".txt.") 
     except: 
      print("[WARN] Could not create " + str(location) + ".txt to store items. Your item was not saved.") 
      print("  Try manually creating the file with 'touch " + str(location) + ".txt'.") 
      return # Exits function 
    print("[INFO] Trying to write to " + str(location) + ".txt.") 
    try: 
     itemfile.append(str(name) + ", " + str(id) + "\n") # Write to it 
     print("[INFO] Wrote to " + location + ".txt.") 
    except: 
     print("[WARN] Could not write to " + str(location) + ".txt. Your item was not saved.") 
     return 
    print("[INFO] Wrote to " + str(location) + ".txt.") 
    itemfile.close() # Close file 
    print("[INFO] Closed " + str(location) + ".txt.") 

def loadItems(): 
    print("[INFO] Loading items.") 
    print("[INFO] Trying to open location file.") 
    try: 
     locfile = open("locations.txt", "r") # Open list of all locations 
     print("[INFO] Opened location file.") 
    except: 
     print("[INFO] Location file does not exist, creating it.") 
     locfile = open("locations.txt", "w+") 
     locfile.close() 
     print("[INFO] Created and closed location file. Nothing to read.") 
     return # exit loadItems() 
    print("[INFO] Reading location file.") 
    locations = locfile.read().split("\n") # List of locations 
    print("[INFO] Read location file. Found " + str(len(locations)) + " locations.") 
    locfile.close() # Close location file 

    emptyLocs = 0 
    emptyItems = 0 
    for loc in locations: 
     if loc != '': # NOT a blank location 
      itemfile = open(loc) # Open location specified in location file 
      localItems = itemfile.read().split("\n") # Get list of items and their ids 
      print("[DEBUG] localItems: " + str(localItems)) # For debugging purposes, to be removed 
      del localItems[-1] # Removes last item from localItems (it is a blank line!) 
      print("[DEBUG] localItems: " + str(localItems)) # For debugging purposes, to be removed 
      for localItem in localItems: # localItem is misleading, it's actually a list with item name AND id. 
       itemInfoToLoad = localItem.split(", ") # Make list with 1st = name and 2nd = id 
       loadedItems[itemInfoToLoad[1]] = [itemInfoToLoad[2], ''.join(loc.split())[:-4]] # explained below 
       """ 
        Explanation of above: create a new key in loadedItems with the name of 
        itemInfoToLoad[1], which is the item name. Set its value to a list that 
        is [id, location]. The ''.join(loc.split())[:-3] is to remove the .txt 
        extension (and any trailing whitespace) so we go from myAwesomeLocation.txt 
        to myAwesomeLocation. Bazinga. 
       """ 
     elif loc == '': # Blank location 
      sleep(0.1) 
      emptyLocs = (emptyLocs + 1) 
    print("[INFO] Loaded variables. Found " + str(emptyLocs) + " empty location entries and " + str(emptyItems) + " empty items.") 

loadItems() 

這裏是我的輸出：

[INFO] Loading items. 
[INFO] Trying to open location file. 
[INFO] Opened location file. 
[INFO] Reading location file. 
[INFO] Read location file. Found 2 locations. 
[DEBUG] localItems: ['item1, id1', 'item2, id2', ''] 
[DEBUG] localItems: ['item1, id1', 'item2, id2'] 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "main.py", line 76, in <module> 
    loadItems() 
    File "main.py", line 63, in loadItems 
    loadedItems[itemInfoToLoad[1]] = [itemInfoToLoad[2], ''.join(loc.split())[:-4]] # explained below 
IndexError: list index out of range 

這似乎很奇怪。非常感謝任何提供幫助的人。

Answer 1

我想在這一行：

loadedItems[itemInfoToLoad[1]] = [itemInfoToLoad[2], ''.join(loc.split())[:-4]] # explained below 

你需要：

loadedItems[itemInfoToLoad[0]] = [itemInfoToLoad[1], ''.join(loc.split())[:-4]] # explained below 

因爲你只有兩個列表中的元素

檢查也loc.split你有[： -4]代碼和[：-3]中的解釋