T-SQL查詢 - 聚集

Question

使用SQL Server 2016，我有以下示例數據：

Date  Total_Req. Changed  Deleted  New 
    9/16/2008 271   7   1   3 
    10/14/2008 235   1   10   11 
    10/15/2008 131   2   3   5 
    11/21/2009 190   4   5   2 
    11/22/2009 125   5   12   1 
    11/23/2009 181   6   1   4 
    4/13/2011 300   8   2   8 
    4/26/2011 281   11   7   9 
    4/26/2011 302    5   8   10 

我可以很容易地使用像每月彙總：

Select cast(Format([Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') as date) as [Date], 
    SUM([Changed]) as [Changed], SUM([Deleted]) as [Deleted], SUM([New]) as 
    [New] GRPUP BY Format([Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') 

到目前爲止好我每月得到一筆：

Date  Changed Deleted New 
    9/1/2008 7   1 3 
    10/1/2008 3   13 16 
    11/1/2009 15  18 7 
    4/1/2011 19   9 17 

不過，我需要在查詢中包括總價值_REQ在一個月，則最後日期，這樣所需的輸出將是：

Date Total Req. Changed Deleted New 
    9/1/2008 271  7  1  3 
    10/1/2008 131  3  13 16 
    11/1/2009 181  15 18  7 
    4/1/2011 302  19 9  17 

我怎樣才能做到這一點？

謝謝， M.R.

Answer 1

單從SELECT子句中運行一個子查詢回到原來的表背到原始表：

SELECT cast(Format([Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') as date) as [Date], 
    (SELECT TOP 1 [Total_Req.] FROM [MyTable] t0 WHERE Format(t0.[Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') = Format(t.[Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') ORDER BY t0.[Date] DESC) as [Total_Req.], 
    SUM([Changed]) as [Changed], SUM([Deleted]) as [Deleted], SUM([New]) as [New] 
FROM [MyTable] t 
GROUP BY Format([Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') 

或

SELECT cast(Format([Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') as date) as [Date], 
    MIN(t1.[Total_Req.]) As [Total_Req.], 
    SUM([Changed]) as [Changed], SUM([Deleted]) as [Deleted], SUM([New]) as [New] 
FROM [MyTable] t 
CROSS APPLY (SELECT TOP 1 [Total_Req.] FROM [MyTable] t0 WHERE Format(t0.[Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') = Format(t.[Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') ORDER BY t0.[Date] DESC) t1 
GROUP BY Format([Date], 'MM/01/yyyy') 

如果你真的需要更快的結果，看一看的FORMAT([Date], 'MM/01/yyyy')表達。這個表達式切入這個查詢的核心，因爲它以三種不同的方式使用，包括子查詢或APPLY的匹配條件。該表達式也是不可sargeable，這意味着不管你有什麼索引，它們都不會幫你處理需要這個值的查詢元素。

如果添加計算列表中的這個表達式，你就可以在索引中使用新列，你應該得到多更快的結果。

Answer 2

只需使用一個相關子查詢的總所需物品列中，選擇所述總所需物品其中日期是用於在外部查詢的行的月份的MAX（日期）。 （或在子查詢中使用TOP 1按日期排序）。