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我想使用LLVM/Clang在我的Nvidia GPU上運行OpenMP4 +代碼。我按照這裏找到的說明下載並編譯了從trunk中編譯的llvm/clang/omp庫：https://clang.llvm.org/get_started.html和here：https://openmp.llvm.org/。我沒有編譯Compiler-RT和libcxx，但我認爲這沒有什麼區別。當使用Clang 6（trunk）編譯OpenMP`target`指令時與nvptx目標編譯器連接錯誤
我的CMake命令是這樣的：cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" ../llvm -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DOPENMP_ENABLE_LIBOMPTARGET=ON
我寫了一個非常基本的程序與單一的OpenMP target指令：
int main(void)
{
#pragma omp target
{
}
return 0;
}
而且我這個編譯： /home/user/opt/llvm/bin/clang++ -v main.cpp -fopenmp -lomptarget -fopenmp-targets=nvptx64-nvidia-cuda --cuda-path=/home/user/opt/pgi/linux86-64/2017/cuda/8.0
萬一你問：是的，我沒有爲編譯器設置路徑，但是我確定我的LD_LIBRARY_PATH指向libomptarget所在的位置。
這裏是輸出/錯誤執行上面的命令後，我獲得（最後〜10行顯示錯誤）：
<If this is too much information, just go to the last 10 lines to see the error>
clang version 6.0.0 (trunk 312875)
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /home/user/opt/llvm/bin
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/6
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/6.4.0
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/7
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/7.2.0
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8.4
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.9
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.9.3
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/5.4.1
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/6
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/6.4.0
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7
Found candidate GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0
Selected GCC installation: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0
Candidate multilib: .;@m64
Selected multilib: .;@m64
Found CUDA installation: /home/user/opt/pgi/linux86-64/2017/cuda/8.0, version 7.0
"/home/user/opt/llvm/bin/clang-6.0" -cc1 -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -emit-llvm-bc -emit-llvm-uselists -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name main.cpp -mrelocation-model static -mthread-model posix -mdisable-fp-elim -fmath-errno -masm-verbose -mconstructor-aliases -munwind-tables -fuse-init-array -target-cpu x86-64 -dwarf-column-info -debugger-tuning=gdb -v -resource-dir /home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0/backward -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0/backward -internal-isystem /usr/local/include -internal-isystem /home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0/include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -internal-externc-isystem /include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include -internal-isystem /usr/local/include -internal-isystem /home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0/include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -internal-externc-isystem /include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include -fdeprecated-macro -fdebug-compilation-dir /tmp -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 190 -fopenmp -fobjc-runtime=gcc -fcxx-exceptions -fexceptions -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -o /tmp/main-be2d35.bc -x c++ main.cpp -fopenmp-targets=nvptx64-nvidia-cuda
clang -cc1 version 6.0.0 based upon LLVM 6.0.0svn default target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
ignoring nonexistent directory "/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0/backward"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/local/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0/backward
/usr/local/include
/home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0/include
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/include
End of search list.
"/home/user/opt/llvm/bin/clang-6.0" -cc1 -triple nvptx64-nvidia-cuda -aux-triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -S -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name main.cpp -mrelocation-model pic -pic-level 2 -mthread-model posix -mdisable-fp-elim -fmath-errno -no-integrated-as -fuse-init-array -mlink-cuda-bitcode /home/user/opt/pgi/linux86-64/2017/cuda/8.0/nvvm/libdevice/libdevice.compute_20.10.bc -target-feature +ptx42 -target-cpu sm_20 -dwarf-column-info -debugger-tuning=gdb -v -resource-dir /home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0/backward -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0/backward -internal-isystem /usr/local/include -internal-isystem /home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0/include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -internal-externc-isystem /include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include -internal-isystem /usr/local/include -internal-isystem /home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0/include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -internal-externc-isystem /include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include -fdeprecated-macro -fno-dwarf-directory-asm -fdebug-compilation-dir /tmp -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 190 -fopenmp -fobjc-runtime=gcc -fcxx-exceptions -fexceptions -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -o /tmp/main-7ffbd7.s -x c++ main.cpp -fopenmp-is-device -fopenmp-host-ir-file-path /tmp/main-be2d35.bc
clang -cc1 version 6.0.0 based upon LLVM 6.0.0svn default target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
ignoring nonexistent directory "/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0/backward"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/local/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu"
ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7.2.0
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7.2.0/../../../../include/c++/7.2.0/backward
/usr/local/include
/home/user/opt/llvm/lib/clang/6.0.0/include
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu
/usr/include
End of search list.
"/home/user/opt/pgi/linux86-64/2017/cuda/8.0/bin/ptxas" -m64 -O0 -v --gpu-name sm_20 --output-file /tmp/main-64fc86.cubin /tmp/main-ca9e59.s -c
ptxas info : 1 bytes gmem, 8 bytes cmem[14]
ptxas info : Compiling entry function '__omp_offloading_803_18004c0_main_l3' for 'sm_20'
ptxas info : Function properties for __omp_offloading_803_18004c0_main_l3
0 bytes stack frame, 0 bytes spill stores, 0 bytes spill loads
ptxas info : Used 5 registers, 32 bytes cmem[0]
ptxas info : Function properties for __omp_offloading_803_18004c0_main_l3_worker
24 bytes stack frame, 8 bytes spill stores, 8 bytes spill loads
"/home/user/opt/pgi/linux86-64/2017/cuda/8.0/bin/nvlink" -o /tmp/main-f247e3.out -v -arch sm_20 -L/home/user/opt/llvm/lib -lomptarget-nvptx main-64fc86.cubin
nvlink error : Undefined reference to '__kmpc_kernel_init' in 'main-64fc86.cubin'
nvlink error : Undefined reference to '__kmpc_kernel_deinit' in 'main-64fc86.cubin'
nvlink error : Undefined reference to '__kmpc_kernel_parallel' in 'main-64fc86.cubin'
nvlink error : Undefined reference to '__kmpc_kernel_end_parallel' in 'main-64fc86.cubin'
nvlink info : 1 bytes gmem, 8 bytes cmem[14]
nvlink info : Function properties for '__omp_offloading_803_18004c0_main_l3':
nvlink info : used 18 registers, 24 stack, 0 bytes smem, 32 bytes cmem[0], 0 bytes lmem
clang-6.0: error: fatbinary command failed with exit code 255 (use -v to see invocation)
該庫是應該有這些__kmpc*符號任何想法？ 我試圖運行：
nm libomptarget.so | grep __kmpc_kernel_parallel
和
nm libomptarget.rtl.cuda.so | grep __kmpc_kernel_parallel，
但兩個命令返回任何結果。
最後，如果我從我的編譯標記中刪除-fopenmp-targets=nvptx64-nvidia-cuda，則不會收到鏈接器錯誤。但是，當然在這種情況下，不會生成CUDA代碼。
任何可能幫助我弄清楚發生了什麼的反饋，這些符號應該位於何處以及它們爲什麼不在那裏，都是值得歡迎的。
https://parallel-computing.pro/index.php/forum/general-en/17-blog-post-openmp-4-0- on-nvidia-cuda-gpus – talonmies
@talonmies感謝您的支持。但是，它讓我更加困惑。事實上，libomptarget的舊版本庫會生成一個名爲libomptarget-nvptx的庫。實際上，就我而言，nvlinker會添加-lomptarget-nvptx。然而，libomptarget現在是llvm的一部分，並且不需要從您發給我的鏈接中引用的github repo中下載libomptarget（對嗎？）。奇怪的是，這個新的libomptarget版本不會生成libomptarget-nvptx庫（我甚至會對所有CMakeLists.txt文件進行grep）。我錯了嗎？ – AstrOne
閱讀最後 - 我會猜測sm_20構建目標是問題。 – talonmies