調整彩條的位置和均衡的次要情節

Question

的大小繼我previous question沒有獲得任何答案，我試圖解決我加入彩條，而不是傳說我的陰謀的問題。有幾個問題我還不能解決。 更新：

1. 我想將彩條移動到該圖的右側的正確位置。
2. 我用相同的指令生成兩個圖，但第二個看起來完全不同，我不明白是什麼引起了這個問題。

這裏是我的代碼：

import numpy as np 
import pylab as plt 
from matplotlib import rc,rcParams 
rc('text',usetex=True) 
rcParams.update({'font.size':10}) 
import matplotlib.cm as cm 
from matplotlib.ticker import NullFormatter 
import matplotlib as mpl 

def plot(Z_s,CWL,filter_id,spectral_type,model_mag,mag,plot_name): 
     f= ['U38','B','V','R','I','MB420','MB464','MB485','MB518','MB571','MB604','MB646','MB696','MB753','MB815','MB856','MB914'] 
     wavetable=CWL/(1+Z_s) 
     dd=model_mag-mag 
     nplist=['E', 'Sbc', 'Scd', 'Irr', 'SB3', 'SB2'] 
     minimum,maximum=(0.,16.) 
     Z = [[0,0],[0,0]] 
     levels = list(np.linspace(0, 1, len(f))) 
     NUM_COLORS = len(f) 
     cm = plt.get_cmap('gist_rainbow') 
     mycolor=[] 
     for i in range(NUM_COLORS): 
      mycolor.append(cm(1.*i/NUM_COLORS)) # color will now be an RGBA tuple 
     mymap = mpl.colors.LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list('mycolors',mycolor) 
     CS3 = plt.contourf(Z, levels, cmap=mymap) 
     plt.clf() 
     FILTER=filter_id 
     SED=spectral_type 
     for (j,d) in enumerate(nplist): 
      bf=(SED==j) 
      if (j<3): 
      k=j 
      i_subplot = k + 1 
      fig = plt.figure(1, figsize=(5,5)) 
      ax = fig.add_subplot(3,1,i_subplot) 
      for i in range(len(f)): 
       bb=np.where(FILTER[bf]==i)[0] 
       r=mycolor[i][0] 
       g=mycolor[i][1] 
       b=mycolor[i][2] 
       ax.scatter(wavetable[bb], dd[bb], s=1, color=(r,g,b)) 
      if (k<2): 
       ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(NullFormatter()) 
       ax.set_ylabel(r'$\Delta$ MAG',fontsize=10) 
      else: 
       ax.set_xlabel(r'WL($\AA$)',fontsize=10) 
       ax.set_ylabel(r'$\Delta$ MAG',fontsize=10) 
      fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=0,hspace=0) 
      ax.axhline(y=0,color='k') 
      ax.set_xlim(1000,9000) 
      ax.set_ylim(-3,3) 
      ax.set_xticks(np.linspace(1000, 9000, 16, endpoint=False)) 
      ax.set_yticks(np.linspace(-3, 3, 4, endpoint=False)) 
      ax.text(8500,2.1,nplist[j], {'color': 'k', 'fontsize': 10}) 
      fontsize=8 
      for tick in ax.xaxis.get_major_ticks(): 
       tick.label1.set_fontsize(fontsize) 
      for tick in ax.yaxis.get_major_ticks(): 
       tick.label1.set_fontsize(fontsize) 
      if (j==2): 
      cbar_ax = fig.add_axes([0.9, 0.15, 0.05, 0.7]) 
       cbar=plt.colorbar(CS3, cax=cbar_ax, ticks=range(0,len(f)),orientation='vertical') 
       cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticks([]) 
       for s, lab in enumerate(f): 
        cbar.ax.text(0.08,(0.95-0.01)/float(len(f)-1) * s, lab, fontsize=8,ha='left') 
       fname = plot_name+'.'+nplist[0]+'.'+nplist[1]+'.'+nplist[2]+'.pdf'   
       plt.savefig(fname) 
       plt.close() 
      else: 
      k=j-3 
      i_subplot = k + 1 
      fig = plt.figure(1, figsize=(5,5)) 
      ax = fig.add_subplot(3,1,i_subplot) 
      for i in range(len(f)): 
       bb=np.where(FILTER[bf]==i)[0] 
       r=mycolor[i][0] 
       g=mycolor[i][1] 
       b=mycolor[i][2] 
       ax.scatter(wavetable[bb], dd[bb], s=1, color=(r,g,b)) 
      if (k<2): 
       ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(NullFormatter()) 
       ax.set_ylabel(r'$\Delta$ MAG',fontsize=10) 
      else: 
       ax.set_xlabel(r'WL($\AA$)',fontsize=10) 
       ax.set_ylabel(r'$\Delta$ MAG',fontsize=10) 
      fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=0,hspace=0) 
      ax.axhline(y=0,color='k') 
      ax.set_xlim(1000,9000) 
      ax.set_ylim(-3,3) 
      ax.set_xticks(np.linspace(1000, 9000, 16, endpoint=False)) 
      ax.set_yticks(np.linspace(-3, 3, 4, endpoint=False)) 
      ax.text(8500,2.1,nplist[j], {'color': 'k', 'fontsize': 10}) 
      fontsize=8 
      for tick in ax.xaxis.get_major_ticks(): 
       tick.label1.set_fontsize(fontsize) 
      for tick in ax.yaxis.get_major_ticks(): 
       tick.label1.set_fontsize(fontsize) 
      if (j==5): 
       cbar_ax = fig.add_axes([0.9, 0.15, 0.05, 0.7]) 
       cbar=plt.colorbar(CS3, cax=cbar_ax, ticks=range(0,len(f)),orientation='vertical') 
       cbar.ax.get_yaxis().set_ticks([]) 
       for s, lab in enumerate(f): 
        cbar.ax.text(0.08,(0.95-0.01)/float(len(f)-1) * s, lab , fontsize=8,ha='left') 
       fname = plot_name+'.'+nplist[3]+'.'+nplist[4]+'.'+nplist[5]+'.pdf'   
       plt.savefig(fname) 
       plt.close() 


a=np.loadtxt('calibration.photometry.information.capak.cat') 
Z_s=a[:,0] 
CWL=a[:,1] 
filter_id=a[:,2] 
spectral_type=a[:,3] 
model_mag=a[:,4] 
mag=a[:,5] 
plot_name='test' 
plot(Z_s,CWL,filter_id,spectral_type,model_mag,mag,plot_name) 

，你也可以從here下載數據。 我會感激得到任何幫助。

Answer 1

您可以使用plt.subplots()傳遞參數gridspec_kw以非常靈活的方式調整軸的縱橫比，然後選擇頂軸以包含顏色條。

我已經對你的代碼進行了很多簡化。此外，我在代碼中改變了很多東西，例如：PEP8，刪除了重複調用plt.savefig()和ax方法。其結果是：

import numpy as np 
import pylab as plt 
from matplotlib import rc, rcParams, colors 

rc('text', usetex=True) 
rcParams['font.size'] = 10 
rcParams['axes.labelsize'] = 8 

def plot(Z_s, CWL, filter_id, spectral_type, model_mag, mag, plot_name): 
    f= ['U38', 'B', 'V', 'R', 'I', 'MB420', 'MB464', 'MB485', 'MB518', 
     'MB571', 'MB604', 'MB646', 'MB696', 'B753', 'MB815', 'MB856', 
     'MB914'] 
    wavetable = CWL/(1+Z_s) 
    dd = model_mag-mag 
    nplist = ['E', 'Sbc', 'Scd', 'Irr', 'SB3', 'SB2'] 
    minimum, maximum = (0., 16.) 
    Z = [[0, 0],[0, 0]] 
    levels = list(np.linspace(0, 1, len(f)+1)) 
    NUM_COLORS = len(f) 
    cmap = plt.get_cmap('gist_rainbow') 
    mycolor = [] 
    for i in range(NUM_COLORS): 
     mycolor.append(cmap(1.*i/NUM_COLORS)) 
    mymap = colors.LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list('mycolors', mycolor) 
    CS3 = plt.contourf(Z, levels, cmap=mymap) 
    coords = CS3.get_array() 
    coords = coords[:-1] + np.diff(coords)/2. 
    FILTER = filter_id 
    SED = spectral_type 
    dummy = 2 
    xmin = 1000 
    xmax = 9000 
    ymin = -3 
    ymax = 3 
    fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=5, figsize=(5, 6), 
      gridspec_kw=dict(height_ratios=[0.35, 0.05, 1, 1, 1])) 
    fig2, axes2 = plt.subplots(nrows=5, figsize=(5, 6), 
      gridspec_kw=dict(height_ratios=[0.35, 0.05, 1, 1, 1])) 
    fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=0, hspace=0) 
    fig2.subplots_adjust(wspace=0, hspace=0) 
    axes_all = np.concatenate((axes[dummy:], axes2[dummy:])) 
    dummy_axes = np.concatenate((axes[:dummy], axes2[:dummy])) 
    for ax in axes_all: 
     ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False) 
     ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False) 
     ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom') 
     ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left') 
     ax.axhline(y=0, color='k') 
     ax.set_xlim(xmin, xmax) 
     ax.set_ylim(ymin, ymax) 
     ax.set_xticks([]) 
     ax.set_yticks(np.linspace(ymin, ymax, 4, endpoint=False)) 
     ax.set_ylabel(r'$\Delta$ MAG', fontsize=10) 
    axes[-1].set_xticks(np.linspace(xmin, xmax, 16, endpoint=False)) 
    axes2[-1].set_xticks(np.linspace(xmin, xmax, 16, endpoint=False)) 
    plt.setp(axes[-1].xaxis.get_majorticklabels(), rotation=30) 
    plt.setp(axes2[-1].xaxis.get_majorticklabels(), rotation=30) 
    axes[-1].set_xlabel(r'WL($\AA$)', fontsize=10) 
    axes2[-1].set_xlabel(r'WL($\AA$)', fontsize=10) 
    for ax in dummy_axes: 
     for s in ax.spines.values(): 
      s.set_visible(False) 
     ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('none') 
     ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('none') 
     ax.set_xticks([]) 
     ax.set_yticks([]) 
    for axes_i in [axes, axes2]: 
     cbar = plt.colorbar(CS3, ticks=[], orientation='horizontal', 
          cax=axes_i[0]) 
     for s, lab in enumerate(f): 
      cbar.ax.text(coords[s], 0.5, lab, fontsize=8, va='center', 
        ha='center', rotation=90, 
        transform=cbar.ax.transAxes) 
    for (j, d) in enumerate(nplist): 
     bf = (SED==j) 
     if (j<3): 
      k = j 
      ax = axes[k+dummy] 
      ax.text(8500, 2.1, nplist[j], {'color': 'k', 'fontsize': 10}) 
      for i in range(len(f)): 
        bb = np.where(FILTER[bf]==i)[0] 
        ax.scatter(wavetable[bb], dd[bb], s=1, color=mycolor[i]) 
     else: 
      k = j-3 
      ax = axes2[k+dummy] 
      ax.text(8500, 2.1, nplist[j], {'color': 'k', 'fontsize': 10}) 
      for i in range(len(f)): 
        bb = np.where(FILTER[bf]==i)[0] 
        ax.scatter(wavetable[bb], dd[bb], s=1, color=mycolor[i]) 
    fname = '.'.join([plot_name, nplist[0], nplist[1], nplist[2], 'png']) 
    fig.savefig(fname) 
    fname = '.'.join([plot_name, nplist[3], nplist[4], nplist[5], 'png']) 
    fig2.savefig(fname) 

if __name__=='__main__': 
    a = np.loadtxt('calibration.photometry.information.capak.cat') 
    Z_s = a[:, 0] 
    CWL = a[:, 1] 
    filter_id = a[:, 2] 
    spectral_type = a[:, 3] 
    model_mag = a[:, 4] 
    mag = a[:, 5] 
    plot_name = 'test' 
    plot(Z_s, CWL, filter_id, spectral_type, model_mag, mag, plot_name) 

這給：