秩序的Makefile

Question

我試着寫Makefile文件在Ubuntu 14.04

這裏OpenCV的文件例如： Makefile to Compile OpenCV Code in C++ on Ubuntu/Linux

如果我嘗試喲使用它以這種形式：

CFLAGS = `pkg-config --cflags opencv` 
LIBS = `pkg-config --libs opencv` 

% : %.cpp 
     g++ $(CFLAGS) $(LIBS) -o $@ $< 

我得到

make：***沒有目標。停止。

如果我嘗試

IFLAGS = `pkg-config --cflags opencv` 
LFLAGS = `pkg-config --libs opencv` 

all: minimal 

minimal: minimal.cpp 
    g++ $(IFLAGS) $(LFLAGS) -o minimal minimal.cpp 

我得到

g++ `pkg-config --cflags opencv` `pkg-config --libs opencv` -o minimal minimal.cpp 
/tmp/ccKWVtBh.o: In function `main': 
minimal.cpp:(.text+0x4d): undefined reference to `cv::imread(std::string const&, int)' 
minimal.cpp:(.text+0x123): undefined reference to `cv::imwrite(std::string const&, cv::_InputArray const&, std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> > const&)' 
minimal.cpp:(.text+0x1a6): undefined reference to `cv::imshow(std::string const&, cv::_InputArray const&)' 
minimal.cpp:(.text+0x1ce): undefined reference to `cv::waitKey(int)' 
/tmp/ccKWVtBh.o: In function `cv::Mat::~Mat()': 
minimal.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3MatD2Ev[_ZN2cv3MatD5Ev]+0x39): undefined reference to `cv::fastFree(void*)' 
/tmp/ccKWVtBh.o: In function `cv::Mat::operator=(cv::Mat const&)': 
minimal.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3MataSERKS0_[_ZN2cv3MataSERKS0_]+0x111): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::copySize(cv::Mat const&)' 
/tmp/ccKWVtBh.o: In function `cv::Mat::release()': 
minimal.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv3Mat7releaseEv[_ZN2cv3Mat7releaseEv]+0x47): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::deallocate()' 
/tmp/ccKWVtBh.o: In function `cv::_InputArray::_InputArray<unsigned char>(cv::Mat_<unsigned char> const&)': 
minimal.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv11_InputArrayC2IhEERKNS_4Mat_IT_EE[_ZN2cv11_InputArrayC5IhEERKNS_4Mat_IT_EE]+0x17): undefined reference to `vtable for cv::_InputArray' 
/tmp/ccKWVtBh.o: In function `cv::Mat_<unsigned char>::operator=(cv::Mat const&)': 
minimal.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv4Mat_IhEaSERKNS_3MatE[_ZN2cv4Mat_IhEaSERKNS_3MatE]+0x77): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::reshape(int, int, int const*) const' 
minimal.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv4Mat_IhEaSERKNS_3MatE[_ZN2cv4Mat_IhEaSERKNS_3MatE]+0xdd): undefined reference to `cv::Mat::convertTo(cv::_OutputArray const&, int, double, double) const' 
/tmp/ccKWVtBh.o: In function `cv::_OutputArray::_OutputArray<unsigned char>(cv::Mat_<unsigned char>&)': 
minimal.cpp:(.text._ZN2cv12_OutputArrayC2IhEERNS_4Mat_IT_EE[_ZN2cv12_OutputArrayC5IhEERNS_4Mat_IT_EE]+0x2a): undefined reference to `vtable for cv::_OutputArray' 
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status 
make: *** [minimal] Error 1 

但是，如果我用這種形式爲什麼標準Makefile例如沒有爲工作順利編譯

IFLAGS = `pkg-config --cflags opencv` 
LFLAGS = `pkg-config --libs opencv` 

all: minimal 

minimal: minimal.cpp 
    g++ $(IFLAGS) -o minimal minimal.cpp $(LFLAGS) 

我？我們應該在makefile中使用libs，include和* .cpp的順序是什麼？

Answer 1

您需要CXXFLAGS而不是CFLAGS和LDFLAGS而不是LIBS。見implicit variables

你整個的Makefile可能是

CXXFLAGS = `pkg-config --cflags opencv` 
LDFLAGS = `pkg-config --libs opencv` 

all: minimal