我需要關於在Java GUI上放置函數的幫助

Question

我是一位學習Java編程的新手，因爲我們在之前的課程中使用了C語言。我最近學會了如何使用Netbeans和Eclipse中的構建器設計來製作GUI，但是我仍然不知道如何在每個按鈕和字段上放置函數，儘管我已經有了一個單獨的函數工作代碼。我一直在研究一個Base Converter，這是我的UI的代碼和函數的單獨代碼。

public class BaseConverter extends javax.swing.JFrame { 

/** 
* Creates new form BaseConverter 
*/ 
public BaseConverter() { 
    initComponents(); 
} 

/** 
* This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form. 
* WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always 
* regenerated by the Form Editor. 
*/ 
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 
// <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">       
private void initComponents() { 

    jComboBox1 = new javax.swing.JComboBox<>(); 
    jTextField1 = new javax.swing.JTextField(); 
    jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton(); 
    jScrollPane1 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane(); 
    jTextArea1 = new javax.swing.JTextArea(); 
    jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel(); 

    setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
    getContentPane().setLayout(new org.netbeans.lib.awtextra.AbsoluteLayout()); 

    jComboBox1.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Tempus Sans ITC", 1, 14)); // NOI18N 
    jComboBox1.setModel(new javax.swing.DefaultComboBoxModel<>(new String[] { "Decimal", "Binary", "Octal", "Hexadecimal" })); 
    getContentPane().add(jComboBox1, new org.netbeans.lib.awtextra.AbsoluteConstraints(56, 40, 150, 40)); 

    jTextField1.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Tempus Sans ITC", 1, 14)); // NOI18N 
    jTextField1.setText("Enter number"); 
    getContentPane().add(jTextField1, new org.netbeans.lib.awtextra.AbsoluteConstraints(220, 40, 180, 40)); 

    jButton1.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Tempus Sans ITC", 1, 14)); // NOI18N 
    jButton1.setText("Convert"); 
    getContentPane().add(jButton1, new org.netbeans.lib.awtextra.AbsoluteConstraints(410, 40, 90, 40)); 

    jTextArea1.setColumns(20); 
    jTextArea1.setRows(5); 
    jScrollPane1.setViewportView(jTextArea1); 

    getContentPane().add(jScrollPane1, new org.netbeans.lib.awtextra.AbsoluteConstraints(60, 120, 440, 180)); 

    jLabel1.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Tempus Sans ITC", 1, 14)); // NOI18N 
    jLabel1.setText("Result:"); 
    getContentPane().add(jLabel1, new org.netbeans.lib.awtextra.AbsoluteConstraints(260, 100, -1, -1)); 

    pack(); 
}// </editor-fold>       

/** 
* @param args the command line arguments 
*/ 
public static void main(String args[]) { 
    /* Set the Nimbus look and feel */ 
    //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Look and feel setting code (optional) "> 
    /* If Nimbus (introduced in Java SE 6) is not available, stay with the default look and feel. 
    * For details see http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/lookandfeel/plaf.html 
    */ 
    try { 
     for (javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : javax.swing.UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels()) { 
      if ("Nimbus".equals(info.getName())) { 
       javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(info.getClassName()); 
       break; 
      } 
     } 
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { 
     java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(BaseConverter.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex); 
    } catch (InstantiationException ex) { 
     java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(BaseConverter.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex); 
    } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) { 
     java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(BaseConverter.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex); 
    } catch (javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) { 
     java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(BaseConverter.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex); 
    } 
    //</editor-fold> 

    /* Create and display the form */ 
    java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { 
     public void run() { 
      new BaseConverter().setVisible(true); 
     } 
    }); 
} 

// Variables declaration - do not modify      
private javax.swing.JButton jButton1; 
private javax.swing.JComboBox<String> jComboBox1; 
private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1; 
private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane1; 
private javax.swing.JTextArea jTextArea1; 
private javax.swing.JTextField jTextField1; 
// End of variables declaration     

}

而且這裏是我的職能獨立的代碼。

import java.util.Scanner; 

公共類BaseConverter {

public static void main(String[] args) { 
     //declaring a scanner 
     Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); 
     String ans = input.nextLine(); 
     System.out.println("Would you like to calculate for Decimal, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal?"); 

     while ((ans.equals ("Yes"))) 
     { 
      int c; 
      //asks the user what is the value type 
      System.out.println("What is the value type?"); 
      System.out.println("1 - Hexadecimal"); 
      System.out.println("2 - Decimal"); 
      System.out.println("3 - Octal"); 
      System.out.println("4 - Binary"); 
      c = input.nextInt(); 

      switch(c){ 

       //if the user inputs 1 
       case 1: 
       System.out.println("Please enter the Hexadecimal value: "); //prompts the user to enter the hexadecimal value 
       String hexadecimal = input.next(); //scanning the hexadecimal 
       System.out.println("The Hexadecimal number is: " + hexadecimal); //shows the givenn hexadecimal value 
       int decimal = Integer.parseInt(hexadecimal, 16); //converts hexadecimal to decimal 
       System.out.println("Decimal: " + decimal); //shows the converted decimal 
       String binary = Integer.toBinaryString(decimal); //converting the converted decimal to binary 
       System.out.printf("Binary: " + binary); //shows the converted binary 
       String octal = Integer.toOctalString(decimal); //converts the decimal to octal 
       System.out.printf("Octal: " + octal); //shows the converted octal 
       break; //break 

       //if the user inputs 2 
       case 2: 
       System.out.println("Please enter the Decimal Number: "); //prompts the user to enter the decimal number 
       int dec = input.nextInt(); //scanning the decimal 
       System.out.println("The Decimal number is: " + dec); //shows the decimal 
       String bin = Integer.toBinaryString(dec); //converting the decimal to binary 
       System.out.println("Binary: " + bin); //shows the equivalent in binary 
       String oct = Integer.toOctalString(dec); //converting decimal to octal 
       System.out.println("Octal: " + oct); //shows the equivalent octal number 
       String hex = Integer.toHexString(dec); //converting decimal to hexadecimal 
       System.out.println("Hexadecimal: " + hex); //shows the hexadecimal equivalent 
       break; //break 

       //if the user inputs 3 
       case 3: 
       System.out.println("Please enter the Octal Number: "); //prompts the user to input the octal number 
       String octa = input.next(); //scans the octal number 
       int de = Integer.parseInt(octa, 8); //converts octal to decimal 
       System.out.println("Decimal: " + de); //shows the decimal equivalent 
       String bi = Integer.toBinaryString(de); //converts the decimal to binary 
       System.out.println("Binary: " + bi); //shows the binary equivalent 
       String he = Integer.toHexString(de); //converts the decimal to hexadecimal 
       System.out.println("Hexadecimal: " + he); //shows the hexadecimal equivalent 
       break; //break 

       //if the user inputs 4 
       case 4: 
       System.out.println("Please enter the Binary number: "); //prompts the user to enter the binary number 
       String q = input.next(); //scans the binary number 
       int r = Integer.parseInt(q, 2); //converts binary to decimal 
       System.out.println("Decimal: " + r); //shows the decimal equivalent 
       String oc = Integer.toOctalString(r); //converts decimal to octal 
       System.out.println("Octal: " + r); //displays the octal value 
       String l = Integer.toHexString(r); //converts decimal to hex 
       System.out.println("Hexadecimal: " + l); //displays the hex value 
       break; 
      } 
     } 
      while((ans.equals("No"))) 
      { 
       System.out.println("You have successfully exit!"); 
       break; 
      } 
     } 
     } 

是否有任何人可以教我如何把這些功能整合到我創建的GUI？

Answer 1

實際上，在教程第一我寧願你讀了，因爲這地方不適合替代你教程課程。

的JButton教程：How to use buttons

要學習如何使用的JComboBox：How to use ActionListener on a ComboBox

無論如何，這是怎麼一回事呢..

class MainPanel extends JPanel //in your case, you extends to JFrame 
{ 
    private JButton btn; 

    public MainPanel(){ 
     //other initializations 
     btn.add(new ActionListener(){ 
      @Override 
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){ 
       //invoke your conversion method here.. 
       //e.g: 
       //txtResult.setText(convert(txtInput.getText())); 
      } 
     }); 
    } 
} 

需要注意的是，如果你實現GUI，你不會使用Scanner(System.in)來接收輸入了。與用戶的所有輸入&交互將轉到JComponents，如文本框和按鈕。

Answer 2

上設置一個JButton，使用代碼像這樣的動作：

JButton button = new JButton("click me"); 
    button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { 
     @Override 
     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 
      System.out.println("clicked"); 
     } 
    }); 

Answer 3

讓你開始的一些提示。在行initComponents();後面插入這樣的內容：

jButton1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { 
     @Override 
     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 
     // Get values from jComboBox1.get???() and jTextField1.get???() 
     // Do your calculations 
     // Show the result with jTextArea1.set???(???) 
     } 
    });