從字符串轉換爲數字

Question

因此，我正在嘗試編寫一個程序來解碼6個字符的base-64數字。

這是問題所在語句：

返回表示爲由6個字符的字符串s以相反的順序鹼-64編號的36比特的數，其中的64個數字的順序是：ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz- +

即

解碼（ '000000'）→0

解碼（ 'gR1iC9'）→

解碼（ '++++++'）→68719476735

我想這樣做不附帶任何條件。

這樣做將創建下列函數的反函數的最簡單方法：

def get_digit(d): 
    ''' Convert a base 64 digit to the desired character ''' 
    if 0 <= d <= 9: 
     # 0 - 9 
     c = 48 + d 
    elif 10 <= d <= 35: 
     # A - Z 
     c = 55 + d 
    elif 36 <= d <= 61: 
     # a - z 
     c = 61 + d 
    elif d == 62: 
     # - 
     c = 45 
    elif d == 63: 
     # + 
     c = 43 
    else: 
     # We should never get here 
     raise ValueError('Invalid digit for base 64: ' + str(d)) 
    return chr(c) 

# Test `digit` 
print(''.join([get_digit(d) for d in range(64)])) 

def encode(n): 
    ''' Convert integer n to base 64 ''' 
    out = [] 
    while n: 
     n, r = n // 64, n % 64 
     out.append(get_digit(r)) 
    while len(out) < 6: 
     out.append('0') 
    return ''.join(out) 

# Test `encode` 
for i in (0,, 68719476735): 
    print(i, encode(i)) 

輸出

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-+ 
0 000000 
gR1iC9 
68719476735 ++++++ 

裏面居然從下午2Ring是this頁。

我該如何寫這個程序的逆向？

甲開始：

get_digits的倒數如上低於：

def inv_get_digit(c): 

    if 0 <= c <= 9: 
     d = ord(c) - 48 
    elif 'A' <= c <= 'Z': 
     d = ord(c) - 55 
    elif 'a' <= c <= 'z' 
     d = ord(c) - 61 
    elif c == '+': 
     d = 63 
    elif c == '-': 
     d = 62 
    else: 
     raise ValueError('Invalid Input' + str(c)) 
    return d 


def decode(n): 

    out = [] 
    while n: 
     n, r= n % 10, n ** (6-len(str)) 
     out.append(get_digit(r)) 
    while len(out) < 10: 
     out.append('0') 
    return ''.join(out) 

Answer 1

下面是結合my old code一些新的代碼來執行逆操作的程序。

您的inv_get_digit函數中出現語法錯誤：您將冒號從elif行的末尾離開。而且不需要做str(c)，因爲c已經是一個字符串了。

恐怕你的decode功能沒有多大意義。它應該將一個字符串作爲輸入並返回一個整數。請參閱下面的工作版本。

def get_digit(d): 
    ''' Convert a base 64 digit to the desired character ''' 
    if 0 <= d <= 9: 
     # 0 - 9 
     c = 48 + d 
    elif 10 <= d <= 35: 
     # A - Z 
     c = 55 + d 
    elif 36 <= d <= 61: 
     # a - z 
     c = 61 + d 
    elif d == 62: 
     # - 
     c = 45 
    elif d == 63: 
     # + 
     c = 43 
    else: 
     # We should never get here 
     raise ValueError('Invalid digit for base 64: ' + str(d)) 
    return chr(c) 

print('Testing get_digit') 
digits = ''.join([get_digit(d) for d in range(64)]) 
print(digits) 

def inv_get_digit(c): 
    if '0' <= c <= '9': 
     d = ord(c) - 48 
    elif 'A' <= c <= 'Z': 
     d = ord(c) - 55 
    elif 'a' <= c <= 'z': 
     d = ord(c) - 61 
    elif c == '-': 
     d = 62 
    elif c == '+': 
     d = 63 
    else: 
     raise ValueError('Invalid input: ' + c) 
    return d 

print('\nTesting inv_get_digit') 
nums = [inv_get_digit(c) for c in digits] 
print(nums == list(range(64))) 

def encode(n): 
    ''' Convert integer n to base 64 ''' 
    out = [] 
    while n: 
     n, r = n // 64, n % 64 
     out.append(get_digit(r)) 
    while len(out) < 6: 
     out.append('0') 
    return ''.join(out) 

print('\nTesting encode') 
numdata = (0,, 68719476735) 
strdata = [] 
for i in numdata: 
    s = encode(i) 
    print(i, s) 
    strdata.append(s) 

def decode(s): 
    out = [] 
    n = 0 
    for c in reversed(s): 
     d = inv_get_digit(c) 
     n = 64 * n + d 
    return n 

print('\nTesting decode') 
for s, oldn in zip(strdata, numdata): 
    n = decode(s) 
    print(s, n, n == oldn) 

輸出

Testing get_digit 
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-+ 

Testing inv_get_digit 
True 

Testing encode 
0 000000 
gR1iC9 
68719476735 ++++++ 

Testing decode 
000000 0 True 
gR1iCTrue 
++++++ 68719476735 True