處理身份驗證從經過身份驗證的網站上獲取圖像通過urllib2

Question

我正在嘗試製作一個小型API，它可以通過網絡登錄到內部監視工具中，並使用我指定的登錄憑證指定的頁面上檢索圖像。在它已經構建URL後，它不會將任何身份驗證傳遞給最後一部分。在URL建立之後，它被放入變量y。然後，我嘗試打開y並保存它，即驗證問題發生的位置。請向下滾動查看示例。

import urllib 
import urllib2 
import lxml, lxml.html 



ID = raw_input("Enter ID:") 

PorS = raw_input("Enter 1 for Primary 2 for Secondary:") 

base_link = 'http://statseeker/cgi/nim-report?rid=42237&command=Graph&mode=ping&list=jc-' 

dash = '-' 

end_link = '&tfc_fav=range+%3D+start_of_today+-+1d+to+now%3B&year=&month=&day=&hour=&minute=&duration=&wday_from=&wday_to=&time_from=&time_to=&tz=America%2FChicago&tfc=range+%3D+start_of_today+-+1d+to+now%3B&rtype=Delay&graph_type=Filled&db_type=Average&x_step=1&interval=60&y_height=100&y_gridlines=5&y_max=&y_max_power=1&x_gridlines=on&legend=on' 


urlauth = base_link + jConnectID + dash + jConnectPorS + end_link 

print urlauth 

realm = 'statseeker' 
username = 'admin' 
password = '*****' 
auth_handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler() 
auth_handler.add_password(realm, urlauth, username, password) 
opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth_handler) 
urllib2.install_opener(opener) 
data = opener.open(urlauth).read() 

html = lxml.html.fromstring(data) 
imgs = html.cssselect('img.graph') 
for x in imgs: 
    y = 'http://statseeker%s' % (x.attrib['src']) 
    g = urllib2.urlopen(y).read() 
    urllib2.urlopen(test.jpg, 'wb').write(g) 
    print 'http://statseeker%s' % (x.attrib['src']) 
    with open('statseeker.html', 'a') as f: 
    f.write(y) 

結果：

C:\Users\user\Documents\Scripting>python test.py 
    Enter ID:4050 
    Enter 1 for Primary 2 for Secondary:1 
    http://statseeker/cgi/nim-report?rid=42237&command=Graph&mode=ping&list=jc-4050- 
    1&tfc_fav=range+%3D+start_of_today+-+1d+to+now%3B&year=&month=&day=&hour=&minute 
    =&duration=&wday_from=&wday_to=&time_from=&time_to=&tz=America%2FChicago&tfc=ran 
    ge+%3D+start_of_today+-+1d+to+now%3B&rtype=Delay&graph_type=Filled&db_type=Avera 
    ge&x_step=1&interval=60&y_height=100&y_gridlines=5&y_max=&y_max_power=1&x_gridli 
    nes=on&legend=on 
    Traceback (most recent call last): 
     File "JacksonShowAndSave.py", line 35, in <module> 
     g = urllib2.urlopen(y).read() 
     File "C:\Python27\lib\urllib2.py", line 127, in urlopen 
     return _opener.open(url, data, timeout) 
     File "C:\Python27\lib\urllib2.py", line 410, in open 
     response = meth(req, response) 
     File "C:\Python27\lib\urllib2.py", line 523, in http_response 
     'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs) 
     File "C:\Python27\lib\urllib2.py", line 448, in error 
     return self._call_chain(*args) 
     File "C:\Python27\lib\urllib2.py", line 382, in _call_chain 
     result = func(*args) 
     File "C:\Python27\lib\urllib2.py", line 531, in http_error_default 
     raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp) 
    urllib2.HTTPError: HTTP Error 401: Authorization Required 

    C:\Users\user\Documents\Scripting> 

我如何修復這些錯誤，以驗證傳遞給打開該網站上的任何網頁？我認爲任何urlopen請求都會使用與上面相同的身份驗證。

發生故障的部分：

y = 'http://statseeker%s' % (x.attrib['src']) 
     g = urllib2.urlopen(y).read() 
     urllib2.urlopen(test.jpg, 'wb').write(g) 
     print 'http://statseeker%s' % (x.attrib['src']) 
     with open('statseeker.html', 'a') as f: 

Answer 1

我爲請求另一臺auth處理程序：

auth_handler2 = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler() 
auth_handler2.add_password(realm, y, username, password) 
opener2 = urllib2.build_opener(auth_handler2) 
urllib2.install_opener(opener2) 
link = urllib2.Request(y) 
response = urllib2.urlopen(link) 
output = open('out2.jpg','wb') 
output.write(response.read()) 
output.close()