可能使用寫入錯誤指定錯誤類型，還是僅使用throw？

Question

我正在構建一個腳本，該腳本的Try statement與Try塊和多個Catch塊。 PowerShell中的This page has provided a good guide to help with identifying error types以及如何在catch語句中處理它們。

到目前爲止，我一直在使用Write-Error。我認爲可以使用其中一個可選參數（Category或CategoryTargetType）來指定錯誤類型，然後使用專門用於該類型的catch塊。

不幸運：該類型始終列爲Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException。
throw給了我究竟是什麼。

代碼

[CmdletBinding()]param() 

Function Do-Something { 
    [CmdletBinding()]param() 
    Write-Error "something happened" -Category InvalidData 
} 

try{ 
    Write-host "running Do-Something..." 
    Do-Something -ErrorAction Stop 

}catch [System.IO.InvalidDataException]{ # would like to catch write-error here 
    Write-Host "1 caught" 
}catch [Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException]{ # it's caught here 
    Write-host "1 kind of caught" 
}catch{ 
    Write-Host "1 not caught properly: $($Error[0].exception.GetType().fullname)" 
} 


Function Do-SomethingElse { 
    [CmdletBinding()]param() 
    throw [System.IO.InvalidDataException] "something else happened" 
} 

try{ 
    Write-host "`nrunning Do-SomethingElse..." 
    Do-SomethingElse -ErrorAction Stop 

}catch [System.IO.InvalidDataException]{ # caught here, as wanted 
    Write-Host "2 caught" 
}catch{ 
    Write-Host "2 not caught properly: $($Error[0].exception.GetType().fullname)" 
} 

輸出

running Do-Something... 
1 kind of caught 

running Do-SomethingElse... 
2 caught 

我的代碼是做我想要的東西;當throw完成這項工作時，它不一定是Write-Error。我想了解的是：

• 是否可以指定與Write-Error A型（或以其他方式Write-Error錯誤區分），使它們可以在不同catch塊來處理？

_{N.B.我知道$Error[1] -like "something happen*"和處理使用if/else塊是一個選項。}

_{Closest related question I could find on SO - Write-Error v throw in terminating/non-terminating context}

Answer 1

可以使用-Exception參數指定的異常類型的寫入錯誤拋出，見下面的例子（PS5）或獲取幫助寫入錯誤的實例4： https://msdn.microsoft.com/powershell/reference/5.1/microsoft.powershell.utility/Write-Error

try { 
    Write-Error -ErrorAction Stop -Exception ([System.OutOfMemoryException]::new()) } 
catch [System.OutOfMemoryException] { 
    "Just system.OutOfMemoryException" 
} catch { 
    "Other exceptions" 
}