Spring MVC的控制器測試案例不工作

Question

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration(classes=BaseTestConfig.class) 
@WebAppConfiguration 

public class BookDetailsControllerTestCase { 

private MockMvc mockMvc; 

@Autowired 
private WebApplicationContext wac; 

/** 
* 
*/ 
private BookDetailsController fixture = new BookDetailsController(); 


public BookDetailsController getFixture() { 
    return fixture; 
} 

public void setFixture(BookDetailsController fixture) { 
    this.fixture = fixture; 
} 

/** 
* @throws java.lang.Exception 
*/ 
@BeforeClass 
public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception { 
} 

/** 
* @throws java.lang.Exception 
*/ 
@AfterClass 
public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception { 
} 

/** 
* @throws java.lang.Exception 
*/ 
@Before 
public void setUp() throws Exception { 
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build(); 
} 

/** 
* @throws java.lang.Exception 
*/ 
@After 
public void tearDown() throws Exception { 
} 

@Test 
public void testGetBookDetails() { 
    fail("Not yet implemented"); 
} 

}

這是我的測試案例本書詳細介紹控制器的getBookDetails方法。但是，我收到以下錯誤跟蹤。

Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener@58e34201] to prepare test instance [com.sapestore.controller.test.BookDetailsControllerTestCase@30027d3e] 
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext 
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:101) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:161) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:101) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:331) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:213) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:292) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:233) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:87) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:176) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) 
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'accountController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.sapestore.service.AccountService com.sapestore.controller.AccountController.accountService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.sapestore.service.AccountService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:703) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760) 
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:132) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:59) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:250) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91) 
    ... 27 more 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.sapestore.service.AccountService com.sapestore.controller.AccountController.accountService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.sapestore.service.AccountService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289) 
    ... 43 more 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.sapestore.service.AccountService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1103) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:963) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480) 
    ... 45 more 

這是我的文件夾結構

/webapp/WEb_INF/application-context.xml

/src/test/resources/test-application-context.xml

package com.sapestore.controller.test; 

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc; 
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver; 

@Configuration 
@ComponentScan("com.sapestore") 
@EnableWebMvc 
public class BaseTestConfig { 

@Bean 
public InternalResourceViewResolver setupViewResolver() { 
    InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver(); 
    resolver.setPrefix("/"); 
    resolver.setSuffix(".jsp"); 
    return resolver; 
} 

} 

這是BaseTestConfig.java文件

請幫我運行測試用例！

Answer 1

stacktrace表示spring會嘗試實例化一個accountService。此服務似乎是您的AccountController的依賴項。但是，在你的控制器中，spring並沒有發現任何不能被綁定到這個依賴的東西。 你是否已經正確地使用了你的服務，所以春天可以將這個類標識爲spring bean（更多信息請參閱參考文獻：http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.0.x/spring-framework-reference/html/beans.html#beans-stereotype-annotations）。

如果該服務被正確註釋並且仍然無法正常工作，您能否提供一些來自您的控制器和您的服務的代碼？