Djnago項目「導入錯誤：沒有模塊命名爲'django.contrib.admin.apps'」

Question

我已經在django中創建了一個項目。我已經使用pyinstaller爲它創建了安裝程序。如果我使用python manage來運行項目。 py runserver然後項目運行正常，沒有任何錯誤，但我無法通過安裝程序運行它。運行安裝程序時出現錯誤。

C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_proj>.\dist\demo\demo.exe runserver 
Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper 
at 0x03A15978> 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 
226, in wrapper 
    File "site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\core\management\commands\ru 
nserver.py", line 113, in inner_run 
    File "site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 
249, in raise_last_exception 
    File "site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\utils\six.py", line 685, in 
reraise 
    File "site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 
226, in wrapper 
    File "site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\__init__.py", line 27, in s 
etup 
    File "site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\apps\registry.py", line 85, 
in populate 
    File "site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\apps\config.py", line 116, 
in create 
    File "importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load 
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 956, in _find_and_load_unlocked 
ImportError: No module named 'django.contrib.admin.apps' 

demo.spec

# -*- mode: python -*- 

block_cipher = None 


a = Analysis(['test1\\manage.py'], 
      pathex=['C:\\The_Incredibles\\Pyinstaller Story\\test_proj'], 
      binaries=None, 
      datas=None, 
      hiddenimports=[], 
      hookspath=[], 
      runtime_hooks=[], 
      excludes=[], 
      win_no_prefer_redirects=False, 
      win_private_assemblies=False, 
      cipher=block_cipher) 
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data, 
      cipher=block_cipher) 
exe = EXE(pyz, 
      a.scripts, 
      exclude_binaries=True, 
      name='demo', 
      debug=False, 
      strip=False, 
      upx=True, 
      console=True) 
coll = COLLECT(exe, 
       a.binaries, 
       a.zipfiles, 
       a.datas, 
       strip=False, 
       upx=True, 
       name='demo') 

這裏是PyInstaller登錄

(Sample) C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_proj>pyinstaller --name=demo 
test1/manage.py 
155 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.2 
155 INFO: Python: 3.5.2 
155 INFO: Platform: Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1 
157 INFO: wrote C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_proj\demo.spec 
159 INFO: UPX is not available. 
168 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths 
['C:\\The_Incredibles\\Pyinstaller Story\\test_proj\\test1', 
'C:\\The_Incredibles\\Pyinstaller Story\\test_proj'] 
168 INFO: checking Analysis 
169 INFO: Building Analysis because out00-Analysis.toc is non existent 
169 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph... 
172 INFO: Initializing module graph hooks... 
175 INFO: Analyzing base_library.zip ... 
2829 INFO: running Analysis out00-Analysis.toc 
2943 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-math-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3431 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3438 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-locale-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3445 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-heap-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3472 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-stdio-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3481 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-process-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3506 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-string-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3519 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-time-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3525 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-environment-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3545 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-convert-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3552 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-conio-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3564 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api- 
ms-win-crt-filesystem-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
3567 INFO: Caching module hooks... 
3572 INFO: Analyzing C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_proj\test1\manage 
.py 
6478 INFO: Loading module hooks... 
6478 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-django.core.management.py"... 
7684 INFO: Import to be excluded not found: 'matplotlib' 
7685 INFO: Import to be excluded not found: 'tkinter' 
7685 INFO: Excluding import 'IPython' 
7688 WARNING: Removing import django.core.management.commands.shell from modul 
e IPython 
7689 WARNING: Removing import django.core.management.commands.shell from modul 
e IPython.start_ipython 
7689 WARNING: Removing import django.core.management.commands.shell from modul 
e IPython.IPShell 
7691 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.py"... 
7693 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-django.py"... 
7694 INFO: Django root directory C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_proj\ 
test1\test1 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\utils\hooks\subpr 
oc\django_import_finder.py", line 37, in <module> 
    list(settings.TEMPLATE_LOADERS) + \ 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\djang 
o\conf\__init__.py", line 54, in __getattr__ 
    return getattr(self._wrapped, name) 
AttributeError: 'Settings' object has no attribute 'TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS' 

8910 INFO: Collecting Django migration scripts. 
9818 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-django.core.mail.py"... 
9880 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-encodings.py"... 
9891 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-django.core.cache.py"... 
9916 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-django.db.backends.py"... 
10392 WARNING: Hidden import "django.db.backends.__pycache__.base" not found! 
10393 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-pydoc.py"... 
10395 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-xml.dom.domreg.py"... 
10396 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-django.db.backends.oracle.base.py"... 
10400 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-django.db.backends.mysql.base.py"... 
10403 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-sqlite3.py"... 
10478 INFO: checking Tree 
10478 INFO: Building Tree because out00-Tree.toc is non existent 
10479 INFO: Building Tree out00-Tree.toc 
10969 INFO: Looking for ctypes DLLs 
10986 INFO: Analyzing run-time hooks ... 
10996 INFO: Including run-time hook 'pyi_rth_django.py' 
11017 INFO: Looking for dynamic libraries 
12997 WARNING: Can not get binary dependencies for file: C:\windows\system32\api 
-ms-win-crt-utility-l1-1-0.dll 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 695, in getImports 
    return _getImports_pe(pth) 
    File "c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\depend\bindepend. 
py", line 122, in _getImports_pe 
    dll, _ = sym.forwarder.split('.') 
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str' 
12998 INFO: Looking for eggs 
12999 INFO: Using Python library c:\python\scripts\sample\scripts\python35.dll 
12999 INFO: Found binding redirects: 
[] 
13018 INFO: Warnings written to C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_proj\b 
uild\demo\warndemo.txt 
13157 INFO: checking PYZ 
13158 INFO: Building PYZ because out00-PYZ.toc is non existent 
13158 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test 
_proj\build\demo\out00-PYZ.pyz 
14732 INFO: checking PKG 
14732 INFO: Building PKG because out00-PKG.toc is non existent 
14733 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) out00-PKG.pkg 
14784 INFO: Bootloader c:\python\scripts\sample\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\bo 
otloader\Windows-32bit\run.exe 
14785 INFO: checking EXE 
14785 INFO: Building EXE because out00-EXE.toc is non existent 
14785 INFO: Building EXE from out00-EXE.toc 
14786 INFO: Appending archive to EXE C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_p 
roj\build\demo\demo.exe 
14807 INFO: checking COLLECT 
14808 INFO: Building COLLECT because out00-COLLECT.toc is non existent 
14808 INFO: Building COLLECT out00-COLLECT.toc 

(Sample) C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_proj> 

Answer 1

我的問題得到解決。問題是pyinstaller無法導入所有隱藏的imports.What我在Lib \ site-packages \ PyInstaller \ hooks下添加了一個hookfile（hook-django.contrib.py）。

添加以下代碼hookfile

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
# Copyright (c) 2005-2016, PyInstaller Development Team. 
# 
# Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License with exception 
# for distributing bootloader. 
# 
# The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software. 
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_submodules 
hiddenimports = collect_submodules('django.contrib') 

這爲我工作。 我已經使用pyinstaller從我的djnago項目創建了exe文件，並且能夠使用exe運行我的項目。運行exe文件

(DemoEnv) C:\The_Incredibles\Pyinstaller Story\test_project>dist\manage\manage.e 
xe runserver 
Performing system checks... 

System check identified no issues (0 silenced). 

You have 13 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you 
apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions. 
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them. 
December 29, 2016 - 10:45:08 
Django version 1.10.4, using settings 'demo.settings' 
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/ 
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK. 
[29/Dec/2016 10:45:26] "GET/HTTP/1.1" 200 1767