使用spring-boot測試Java服務層1.4

Question

我創建了Spring Boot 1.4 Web應用程序，我想爲服務層創建一些測試。當我使用SB 1.3註釋時，測試成功運行。但IDE向我展示@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = {RepositoryConfiguration.class})已被棄用，所以我嘗試了新的解決方案，但我總是得到一個異常。

例外：

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.cma.services.StreetTypeServiceImplTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'setStreetTypeRepository' parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type [com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository] found for dependency [com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository] found for dependency [com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} 

    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:648) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:349) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:385) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:118) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) 
    at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureReportTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(AutoConfigureReportTestExecutionListener.java:46) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:230) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:228) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287) 
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:247) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) 
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191) 
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) 
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:119) 
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:42) 
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:234) 
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:74) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) 
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) 
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144) 
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository] found for dependency [com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {} 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1406) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1057) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1019) 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:640) 
    ... 33 more 

我與1.4註解測試：

package com.cma.services; 

import com.cma.domains.StreetType; 
import com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository; 
import org.junit.Test; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.AutoConfigureTestDatabase; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; 

import static org.junit.Assert.*; 

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace= AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE) 
public class StreetTypeServiceImplTest { 


    private StreetTypeRepository streetTypeRepository; 

    @Autowired 
    public void setStreetTypeRepository(StreetTypeRepository streetTypeRepository){ 
     this.streetTypeRepository = streetTypeRepository; 
    } 

    @Test 
    public void save() throws Exception { 
     ... 
    } 
} 

我用1.3的註釋（這是作品）測試：

package com.cma.services; 

import com.cma.domains.StreetType; 
import com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository; 
import com.cma.configuration.RepositoryConfiguration; 
import org.junit.Test; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 

import static org.junit.Assert.*; 

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = {RepositoryConfiguration.class}) 
public class StreetTypeServiceImplTest { 


    private StreetTypeRepository streetTypeRepository; 

    @Autowired 
    public void setStreetTypeRepository(StreetTypeRepository streetTypeRepository){ 
     this.streetTypeRepository = streetTypeRepository; 
    } 

    @Test 
    public void save() throws Exception { 
     ... 
    } 
} 

我的服務：

package com.cma.services; 

import com.cma.domains.StreetType; 
import com.cma.repositories.StreetTypeRepository; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 

@Service 
public class StreetTypeServiceImpl implements StreetTypeService { 
    private StreetTypeRepository streetTypeRepository; 

    @Autowired 
    public void setStreetTypeRepository(StreetTypeRepository streetTypeRepository) { 
     this.streetTypeRepository = streetTypeRepository; 
    } 

    @Override 
    public Iterable<StreetType> list() { 
     return streetTypeRepository.findAll(); 
    } 

    @Override 
    public StreetType find(Integer key) { 
     return streetTypeRepository.findOne(key); 
    } 

    @Override 
    public StreetType save(StreetType entity) { 
     return streetTypeRepository.save(entity); 
    } 

    @Override 
    public void delete(Integer key) { 
     streetTypeRepository.delete(key); 
    } 
} 

package com.cma.services; 

import com.cma.domains.StreetType; 

public interface StreetTypeService extends BasicService<StreetType,Integer> { 
} 

package com.cma.services; 

/** 
* 
* @param <E> 
* @param <K> 
*/ 
public interface BasicService<E,K> { 
    Iterable<E> list(); 

    E find(K key); 

    E save(E entity); 

    void delete(K key); 
} 

Answer 1

如果你看看Spring Boot 1.4中的SpringApplicationConfiguration的JavaDoc，你會發現現在替換爲@SpringBootTest。因此，在您的測試中添加此註釋，它應該可以工作。