ggplot2：創建方面

Question

我不知道我是否在標題中表達了自己，但是我希望在看到下面的圖時很容易理解。 對於啓動，這是我的數據：

hydrocarbons average SD type group 
N 6,21 4,632774217 PAHs Naphtalenes 
N1 4,71 2,43670665 PAHs Naphtalenes 
N2 7,6 3,266286228 PAHs Naphtalenes 
N3 16,18 11,00643289 PAHs Naphtalenes 
N4 18,8 4,59631824 PAHs Naphtalenes 
F 16,87 7,022165062 PAHs Fluorenes 
F1 16,64 5,721267073 PAHs Fluorenes 
F2 18,67 8,467132345 PAHs Fluorenes 
F3 22,79 0,988021105 PAHs Fluorenes 
P 7,97 0,211647391 PAHs Phenanthrenes 
P1 26,66 16,64819987 PAHs Phenanthrenes 
P2 21,72 4,416811664 PAHs Phenanthrenes 
P3 18,99 4,635405486 PAHs Phenanthrenes 
P4 66,28 7,706085861 PAHs Phenanthrenes 
D 8,33 0,89862145 PAHs Dibenzothiophenes 
D1 8,63  PAHs Dibenzothiophenes 
D2 9,57  PAHs Dibenzothiophenes 
D3 20,69 3,453922632 PAHs Dibenzothiophenes 
D4 32,5 8,191613185 PAHs Dibenzothiophenes 
FL 10,37  PAHs Fluoranthenes 
PY 10,53  PAHs Fluoranthenes 
FL1 24,42 8,886055918 PAHs Fluoranthenes 
FL2 42,52 9,466539232 PAHs Fluoranthenes 
FL3 51,99 15,77786373 PAHs Fluoranthenes 
C 74,28 9,560499532 PAHs Chrysenes 
C1 46,56 15,86163409 PAHs Chrysenes 
C2 82,85 4,854714782 PAHs Chrysenes 
C3 114,42 41,70884318 PAHs Chrysenes 
nC-10 2,24  alkanes 
nC-11 2,24  alkanes 
nC-12 4,85 1,414267191 alkanes 
nC-13 5,54 0,089306765 alkanes 
nC-14 6,81 0,241222891 alkanes 
nC-15 5,56  alkanes 
nC-16 5,95  alkanes 
nC-17 5,82  alkanes 
nC-18 5,7  alkanes 
nC-19 6,41  alkanes 
nC-20 7,36  alkanes 
nC-21 6,24  alkanes 
nC-22 6,07  alkanes 
nC-23 6,35  alkanes 
nC-24 7,32  alkanes 
nC-25 6,6 2,215395794 alkanes 
nC-26 5,97 1,839829721 alkanes 
nC-27 6,51 1,972060107 alkanes 
nC-28 7,57 1,797509743 alkanes 
nC-29 8,37 3,004883333 alkanes 
nC-30 9,05 3,503601406 alkanes 
nC-31 10,27 4,242811665 alkanes 
nC-32 11,5 5,087821955 alkanes 
nC-33 14,31 8,085948386 alkanes 
nC-34 16,96 10,10105484 alkanes 
nC-35 20,52 14,1878649 alkanes 
nC-36 21,88 13,40071226 alkanes 
n-C5 (Pentane) 10,63 1,715015757 VOCs  
n-C6 (Hexane) 1,74 0,859880844 VOCs  
n-C7 (Heptane) 9,62 4,316473516 VOCs  
n-C9 (Nonane) 2,34 0,044641 VOCs  
Benzene 23,51 0,631882255 VOCs  
Toluene 18,48 2,369137637 VOCs  
Ethylbenzene 7,55 7,171631537 VOCs  
m-Xylene 12,53 7,250491275 VOCs  
p-Xylene 15,21 1,800247445 VOCs  
o-Xylene 21,96 2,184177383 VOCs  
Propylbenzene 12,8 15,31136895 VOCs  
n-Butylbenzene 9,33 5,486543125 VOCs  
n-Pentylbenzene 6,77 0,420247353 VOCs 

我希望它按照「類型」我的碳氫化合物和麪的繪製半衰期（「平均」）。然而，只有類型「多環芳香烴」，我想根據「小組」有更多的方面。最好我能編碼和情節如下圖所示，它不完全是我想要的：

這是我使用的代碼：

all <- read.delim2("E#6-results_chemistry.txt", header=TRUE) 
library(ggplot2) 
all$hydrocarbons <- factor(all$hydrocarbons, levels = all$hydrocarbons) #keeps the order of x-axis same as in table 
levels(all$type)[levels(all$type)=="alkanes"] <- "n-alkanes" #if needed to change specific labels in a column 
ggplot(all, aes(x=hydrocarbons, y=average)) + 
    geom_bar(position = position_dodge(), stat="identity", fill="gray32") + 
    geom_errorbar(aes(ymin=average-SD, ymax=average+SD), color="gray8") + 
    facet_wrap(~type, scales="free", ncol=1) + 
    ylab("Half-life [d]") + xlab("Hydrocarbons") + 
    theme(axis.text.x=element_text(size=12, color="black", angle=45, hjust=1), 
axis.title.x = element_text(size=14, face="bold", vjust=-0.7), 
axis.title.y = element_text(size=14, face="bold", vjust=2), 
axis.text.y = element_text(size=12, colour="black")) 

現在的問題是，是有可能製作一張圖片，我可以在現有的版面中創建一個額外的小平面條，只能根據「羣組」對「PAH」類型進行製作。圖形看起來像這樣：

如果可能的話，它也適用於爲「PAHs」製作第二個x軸，它將根據「組」排列它。

感謝， 德利

Answer 1

我想你會需要深入研究的ggplot結構。這種方法需要您的原始繪圖，但會放下中間面板（但保留空間）。我將中間小組構建爲一個單獨的情節，包括「多環芳烴」水平的各個方面。我從該圖中提取相關材質（繪圖面板，條紋，x軸和y軸），以將其插入原始繪圖中的空白空間。然後，我構建一個新的條帶來包含變量名稱'PAHs'。該方法確保三個面板的高度相同，unit(1, "null")。 （參見下面的曲線圖用於我使用了all數據幀之後。）

次要編輯：更新到GGPLOT2 2.2.1

library(ggplot2) 
library(gtable) 
library(grid) 
all$hydrocarbons <- factor(all$hydrocarbons, levels = all$hydrocarbons) #keeps the order of x-axis same as in table 
    levels(all$type)[levels(all$type)=="alkanes"] <- "n-alkanes" #if needed to change specific labels in a column 

# Original plot 
pAll <- ggplot(all, aes(x = hydrocarbons, y = average)) + 
    geom_bar(position = position_dodge(), stat="identity", fill = "gray32") + 
    geom_errorbar(aes(ymin = average-SD, ymax = average+SD), color = "gray8") + 
    facet_wrap(~ type, scales = "free", ncol = 1) + 
    ylab("Half-life [d]") + xlab("Hydrocarbons") + 
    theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size = 12, color = "black", angle = 45, hjust = 1), 
    axis.title.x = element_text(size = 14, face = "bold", vjust = -0.7), 
    axis.title.y = element_text(size = 14, face = "bold", vjust = 2), 
    axis.text.y = element_text(size = 12, colour = "black")) 

# Middle plot, but with facets for 'PAHs' 
pMid <- ggplot(subset(all, type == "PAHs"), aes(x = hydrocarbons, y = average)) + 
    geom_bar(position = position_dodge(), stat = "identity", fill = "gray32") + 
    geom_errorbar(aes(ymin = average - SD, ymax = average + SD), color = "gray8") + 
    facet_grid(. ~ group, scales = "free", space = "free") + 
    ylab("Half-life [d]") + 
    theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size = 12, color = "black", angle = 45, hjust = 1), 
    axis.title.x = element_text(size = 14, face = "bold", vjust = -0.7), 
    axis.title.y = element_text(size = 14, face = "bold", vjust = 2), 
    axis.text.y = element_text(size = 12, colour = "black")) 

# Get the ggplot grobs 
gAll <- ggplotGrob(pAll) 
gMid <- ggplotGrob(pMid) 

# In gMid, get the positions of the panels in the layout: t = top, l = left, ... 
pos1 <- c(subset(gMid$layout, grepl("panel", gMid$layout$name), select = t:r)) 

# Extract 'panels' (along with x-axis and strips) 
panels <- gMid[(unique(pos1$t) - 1) : (unique(pos1$t) + 1), min(pos1$l) : max(pos1$l)] 
# Extract 'axisL' - y-axis 
axisL <- gMid[unique(pos1$t), min(pos1$l) - 1] 

# In gAll, get the positions of the panel of the middle plot in the layout 
pos2 <- c(subset(gAll$layout, grepl("panel", gAll$layout$name), select = t:r)) 
pos2 <- lapply(pos2, "[", 2) 

# Drop original panel material in the middle plot 
drop <- gAll$layout$name %in% c("panel-1-2", "strip-t-1-2", "axis-b-1-2", "axis-l-2-1") 
gAll$grobs[drop] <- NULL 
gAll$layout <- gAll$layout[!drop,] 

# Add new 'panels' to gAll 
gAll <- gtable_add_grob(gAll, panels, t = pos2$t-1, l = pos2$l, b = pos2$t+1, name = "panels") 

# Add new 'axisL' to gAll 
gAll <- gtable_add_grob(gAll, axisL, t = pos2$t, l = pos2$l-1, name = "strips") 

# Add row above the current strips 
gAll <- gtable_add_rows(gAll, gAll$heights[pos2$t-1], pos2$t-2) 

# Add grob, a new strip containing variable name 'PAHs', into the new row 
gAll <- gtable_add_grob(gAll, 
    list(rectGrob(gp = gpar(col = NA, fill = "gray85")), 
     textGrob("PAHs", gp = gpar(fontsize = 9.6))), 
    t = pos2$t-1, l = pos2$l, name = c("background", "text")) 

# Add a small gap between the strips 
gAll <- gtable_add_rows(gAll, unit(1/10, "line"), pos2$t-1) 

# Probably not needed, but if axisB font size in pMid is different from pAll 
gAll$heights[pos2$t + 3] <- gMid$heights[unique(pos1$t) + 1] 

# Draw it 
grid.newpage() 
grid.draw(gAll) 

all = structure(list(hydrocarbons = structure(c(21L, 28L, 29L, 30L, 
31L, 12L, 13L, 14L, 15L, 60L, 62L, 63L, 64L, 65L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 
9L, 10L, 16L, 67L, 17L, 18L, 19L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 32L, 33L, 34L, 
35L, 36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 40L, 41L, 42L, 43L, 44L, 45L, 46L, 47L, 
48L, 49L, 50L, 51L, 52L, 53L, 54L, 55L, 56L, 57L, 58L, 23L, 24L, 
25L, 26L, 1L, 68L, 11L, 20L, 61L, 59L, 66L, 22L, 27L), .Label = c("Benzene", 
"C", "C1", "C2", "C3", "D", "D1", "D2", "D3", "D4", "Ethylbenzene", 
"F", "F1", "F2", "F3", "FL", "FL1", "FL2", "FL3", "m-Xylene", 
"N", "n-Butylbenzene", "n-C5 (Pentane)", "n-C6 (Hexane)", "n-C7 (Heptane)", 
"n-C9 (Nonane)", "n-Pentylbenzene", "N1", "N2", "N3", "N4", "nC-10", 
"nC-11", "nC-12", "nC-13", "nC-14", "nC-15", "nC-16", "nC-17", 
"nC-18", "nC-19", "nC-20", "nC-21", "nC-22", "nC-23", "nC-24", 
"nC-25", "nC-26", "nC-27", "nC-28", "nC-29", "nC-30", "nC-31", 
"nC-32", "nC-33", "nC-34", "nC-35", "nC-36", "o-Xylene", "P", 
"p-Xylene", "P1", "P2", "P3", "P4", "Propylbenzene", "PY", "Toluene" 
), class = "factor"), average = c(6.21, 4.71, 7.6, 16.18, 18.8, 
16.87, 16.64, 18.67, 22.79, 7.97, 26.66, 21.72, 18.99, 66.28, 
8.33, 8.63, 9.57, 20.69, 32.5, 10.37, 10.53, 24.42, 42.52, 51.99, 
74.28, 46.56, 82.85, 114.42, 2.24, 2.24, 4.85, 5.54, 6.81, 5.56, 
5.95, 5.82, 5.7, 6.41, 7.36, 6.24, 6.07, 6.35, 7.32, 6.6, 5.97, 
6.51, 7.57, 8.37, 9.05, 10.27, 11.5, 14.31, 16.96, 20.52, 21.88, 
10.63, 1.74, 9.62, 2.34, 23.51, 18.48, 7.55, 12.53, 15.21, 21.96, 
12.8, 9.33, 6.77), SD = c(4.632774217, 2.43670665, 3.266286228, 
11.00643289, 4.59631824, 7.022165062, 5.721267073, 8.467132345, 
0.988021105, 0.211647391, 16.64819987, 4.416811664, 4.635405486, 
7.706085861, 0.89862145, NA, NA, 3.453922632, 8.191613185, NA, 
NA, 8.886055918, 9.466539232, 15.77786373, 9.560499532, 15.86163409, 
4.854714782, 41.70884318, NA, NA, 1.414267191, 0.089306765, 0.241222891, 
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 2.215395794, 1.839829721, 
1.972060107, 1.797509743, 3.004883333, 3.503601406, 4.242811665, 
5.087821955, 8.085948386, 10.10105484, 14.1878649, 13.40071226, 
1.715015757, 0.859880844, 4.316473516, 0.044641, 0.631882255, 
2.369137637, 7.171631537, 7.250491275, 1.800247445, 2.184177383, 
15.31136895, 5.486543125, 0.420247353), type = structure(c(2L, 
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 
3L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("alkanes", "PAHs", "VOCs"), class = "factor"), 
    group = structure(c(6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 6L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 7L, 
    7L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 4L, 2L, 
    2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
    1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
    1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("", 
    "Chrysenes", "Dibenzothiophenes", "Fluoranthenes", "Fluorenes", 
    "Naphtalenes", "Phenanthrenes"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("hydrocarbons", 
"average", "SD", "type", "group"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-68L))