SQL查詢像輸出在SQL Server查詢相關的表生成矩陣

Question

我有三個表：
產品

ProductID ProductName 
1   Cycle 
2   Scooter 
3   Car 

客戶

CustomerID CustomerName 
101   Ronald 
102   Michelle 
103   Armstrong 
104   Schmidt 
105   Peterson 

交易

TID ProductID CustomerID TranDate Amount 
10001 1   101  01-Jan-11 25000.00 
10002 2   101  02-Jan-11 98547.52 
10003 1   102  03-Feb-11 15000.00 
10004 3   102  07-Jan-11 36571.85 
10005 2   105  09-Feb-11 82658.23 
10006 2   104  10-Feb-11 54000.25 
10007 3   103  20-Feb-11 80115.50 
10008 3   104  22-Feb-11 45000.65 

我已經寫了一個查詢組的交易是這樣的：

SELECT P.ProductName AS Product, 
     C.CustName AS Customer, 
     SUM(T.Amount) AS Amount 
FROM Transactions AS T 
     INNER JOIN Product AS P 
      ON T.ProductID = P.ProductID 
     INNER JOIN Customer AS C 
      ON T.CustomerID = C.CustomerID 
WHERE T.TranDate BETWEEN '2011-01-01' AND '2011-03-31' 
GROUP BY 
     P.ProductName, 
     C.CustName 
ORDER BY 
     P.ProductName 

其給出結果是這樣的：

Product Customer Amount 
Car  Armstrong 80115.50 
Car  Michelle 36571.85 
Car  Schmidt 45000.65 
Cycle Michelle 15000.00 
Cycle Ronald  25000.00 
Scooter Peterson 82658.23 
Scooter Ronald  98547.52 
Scooter Schmidt 54000.25 

我需要查詢的結果以矩陣形式是這樣的：

Customer |------------ Amounts ---------------   
Name  |Car  Cycle  Scooter Totals 
Armstrong 80115.50 0.00  0.00  80115.50 
Michelle 36571.85 15000.00 0.00  51571.85 
Ronald  0.00  25000.00 98547.52 123547.52 
Peterson 0.00  0.00  82658.23 82658.23 
Schmidt 45000.65 0.00  54000.25 99000.90 

請幫我達到上面的r在SQL Server 2005.中使用多重視圖甚至是時間表對我來說都很好。

Answer 1

您可以使用SQL Server的PIVOT操作

SELECT * 
FROM (
      SELECT P.ProductName 
        , C.CustName 
        , T.Amount 
      FROM Transactions AS T 
        INNER JOIN Product AS P ON T.ProductID = P.ProductID 
        INNER JOIN Customer AS C ON T.CustomerID = C.CustomerID 
      WHERE T.TranDate BETWEEN '2011-01-01' AND '2011-03-31' 
     ) s 
PIVOT (SUM(Amount) FOR ProductName IN ([Car], [Cycle], [Scooter])) pvt 

測試數據

;WITH q AS (
    SELECT [Product] = 'Car', [Customer] = 'Armstrong', [Amount] = 80115.50 
    UNION ALL SELECT 'Car', 'Michelle', 36571.85 
    UNION ALL SELECT 'Car', 'Schmidt', 45000.65 
    UNION ALL SELECT 'Cycle', 'Michelle', 15000.00 
    UNION ALL SELECT 'Cycle', 'Ronald', 25000.00 
    UNION ALL SELECT 'Scooter', 'Peterson', 82658.23 
    UNION ALL SELECT 'Scooter', 'Ronald', 98547.52 
    UNION ALL SELECT 'Scooter', 'Schmidt', 54000.25 
) 
SELECT Customer 
     , Car = ISNULL(Car, 0) 
     , Cycle = ISNULL(Cycle, 0) 
     , Scooter = ISNULL(Scooter, 0) 
     , Total = ISNULL(Car, 0) + ISNULL(Cycle, 0) + ISNULL(Scooter, 0) 
FROM (
      SELECT * 
      FROM q 
     ) s 
PIVOT (SUM(Amount) FOR Product IN ([Car], [Cycle], [Scooter])) pvt 

輸出

Customer Car  Cycle  Scooter Total 
Armstrong 80115.50 0.00  0.00  80115.50 
Michelle 36571.85 15000.00 0.00  51571.85 
Peterson 0.00  0.00  82658.23 82658.23 
Ronald  0.00  25000.00 98547.52 123547.52 
Schmidt 45000.65 0.00  54000.25 99000.90 

Answer 2

create table #Product (ProductID int,ProductName varchar(15)) 
insert into #Product values (1,'Cycle') 
insert into #Product values (2,'Scooter') 
insert into #Product values (3,'Car') 

create table #Customer (CustomerID int, CustomerName varchar(30)) 
insert into #Customer values (101,'Ronald') 
insert into #Customer values (102,'Michelle') 
insert into #Customer values (103,'Armstrong') 
insert into #Customer values (104,'Schmidt') 
insert into #Customer values (105,'Peterson') 

create table #Transactions (TID int,ProductID int,CustomerID int, TranDate smalldatetime,Amount decimal(18,2)) 
insert into #Transactions values (10001,1,101,'01-Jan-11',25000.00) 
insert into #Transactions values (10002,2,101,'02-Jan-11',98547.52) 
insert into #Transactions values (10003,1,102,'03-Feb-11',15000.00) 
insert into #Transactions values (10004,3,102,'07-Jan-11',36571.85) 
insert into #Transactions values (10005,2,105,'09-Feb-11',82658.23) 
insert into #Transactions values (10006,2,104,'10-Feb-11',54000.25) 
insert into #Transactions values (10007,3,103,'20-Feb-11',80115.50) 
insert into #Transactions values (10008,3,104,'22-Feb-11',45000.65) 

with temp as 
(
select cus.CustomerName,pro.ProductName, sum(trans.Amount) as Amount from #Transactions as trans 
inner join #Customer as cus on trans.CustomerID = cus.CustomerID 
inner join #Product as pro on trans.ProductID = pro.ProductID 
group by cus.CustomerName,pro.ProductName 
) 

select CustomerName,isnull([Car],0)Car, isnull([Cycle],0)Cycle,isnull([Scooter],0) as Scooter, isnull([Car],0)+isnull([Cycle],0)+isnull([Scooter],0)as Total from temp 
pivot (
sum(Amount) for ProductName in ([Cycle],[Scooter],[Car]) 
)pot*