在Visual Studio解決方案中更改我的所有項目的目標框架

Question

我需要更改所有項目的目標框架。我擁有數百個項目的許多解決方案。

這裏有什麼新東西，還是我必須改變每一個項目？

Answer 1

你可以做到這一點用在CodeProject斯科特·多爾曼的可用的Visual Studio宏：

Visual Studio 2010 and Target Framework Version

下面是代碼，將其下載到您的<UserProfile>\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\VSMacros80\MyMacros文件夾，打開在Visual Studio宏IDE（ Alt-F11）並將其作爲現有項目添加到「MyMacros」項目中：

'------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
' Visual Studio 2008 Macros 
' 
' ProjectUtilities.vb 
' 
'------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
' Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Scott Dorman (sj_dorman@hotmail.com) 
' 
' This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or 
' modify it under the terms of the Microsoft Public License (Ms-PL). 
' 
' This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 
' but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 
' MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 
' Microsoft Public License (Ms-PL) for more details. 
'------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
Imports System 
Imports EnvDTE 
Imports EnvDTE80 
Imports EnvDTE90 
Imports System.Diagnostics 

Public Module ProjectUtilities 

    Private Class ProjectGuids 
     Public Const vsWindowsCSharp As String = "{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}" 
     Public Const vsWindowsVBNET As String = "{F184B08F-C81C-45F6-A57F-5ABD9991F28F}" 
     Public Const vsWindowsVisualCPP As String = "{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}" 
     Public Const vsWebApplication As String = "{349C5851-65DF-11DA-9384-00065B846F21}" 
     Public Const vsWebSite As String = "{E24C65DC-7377-472B-9ABA-BC803B73C61A}" 
     Public Const vsDistributedSystem As String = "{F135691A-BF7E-435D-8960-F99683D2D49C}" 
     Public Const vsWCF As String = "{3D9AD99F-2412-4246-B90B-4EAA41C64699}" 
     Public Const vsWPF As String = "{60DC8134-EBA5-43B8-BCC9-BB4BC16C2548}" 
     Public Const vsVisualDatabaseTools As String = "{C252FEB5-A946-4202-B1D4-9916A0590387}" 
     Public Const vsDatabase As String = "{A9ACE9BB-CECE-4E62-9AA4-C7E7C5BD2124}" 
     Public Const vsDatabaseOther As String = "{4F174C21-8C12-11D0-8340-0000F80270F8}" 
     Public Const vsTest As String = "{3AC096D0-A1C2-E12C-1390-A8335801FDAB}" 
     Public Const vsLegacy2003SmartDeviceCSharp As String = "{20D4826A-C6FA-45DB-90F4-C717570B9F32}" 
     Public Const vsLegacy2003SmartDeviceVBNET As String = "{CB4CE8C6-1BDB-4DC7-A4D3-65A1999772F8}" 
     Public Const vsSmartDeviceCSharp As String = "{4D628B5B-2FBC-4AA6-8C16-197242AEB884}" 
     Public Const vsSmartDeviceVBNET As String = "{68B1623D-7FB9-47D8-8664-7ECEA3297D4F}" 
     Public Const vsWorkflowCSharp As String = "{14822709-B5A1-4724-98CA-57A101D1B079}" 
     Public Const vsWorkflowVBNET As String = "{D59BE175-2ED0-4C54-BE3D-CDAA9F3214C8}" 
     Public Const vsDeploymentMergeModule As String = "{06A35CCD-C46D-44D5-987B-CF40FF872267}" 
     Public Const vsDeploymentCab As String = "{3EA9E505-35AC-4774-B492-AD1749C4943A}" 
     Public Const vsDeploymentSetup As String = "{978C614F-708E-4E1A-B201-565925725DBA}" 
     Public Const vsDeploymentSmartDeviceCab As String = "{AB322303-2255-48EF-A496-5904EB18DA55}" 
     Public Const vsVSTA As String = "{A860303F-1F3F-4691-B57E-529FC101A107}" 
     Public Const vsVSTO As String = "{BAA0C2D2-18E2-41B9-852F-F413020CAA33}" 
     Public Const vsSharePointWorkflow As String = "{F8810EC1-6754-47FC-A15F-DFABD2E3FA90}" 
    End Class 

    '' Defines the valid target framework values. 
    Enum TargetFramework 
     Fx40 = 262144 
     Fx35 = 196613 
     Fx30 = 196608 
     Fx20 = 131072 
    End Enum 

    '' Change the target framework for all projects in the current solution. 
    Sub ChangeTargetFrameworkForAllProjects() 
     Dim project As EnvDTE.Project 
     Dim clientProfile As Boolean = False 

     Write("--------- CHANGING TARGET .NET FRAMEWORK VERSION -------------") 
     Try 
      If Not DTE.Solution.IsOpen Then 
       Write("There is no solution open.") 
      Else    
       Dim targetFrameworkInput As String = InputBox("Enter the target framework version (Fx40, Fx35, Fx30, Fx20):", "Target Framework", "Fx40") 
       Dim targetFramework As TargetFramework = [Enum].Parse(GetType(TargetFramework), targetFrameworkInput) 

       If targetFramework = ProjectUtilities.TargetFramework.Fx35 Or targetFramework = ProjectUtilities.TargetFramework.Fx40 Then 
        Dim result As MsgBoxResult = MsgBox("The .NET Framework version chosen supports a Client Profile. Would you like to use that profile?", MsgBoxStyle.Question Or MsgBoxStyle.YesNo, "Target Framework Profile") 
        If result = MsgBoxResult.Yes Then 
         clientProfile = True 
        End If 
       End If 

       For Each project In DTE.Solution.Projects 
        If project.Kind <> Constants.vsProjectKindSolutionItems And project.Kind <> Constants.vsProjectKindMisc Then 
         ChangeTargetFramework(project, targetFramework, clientProfile) 
        Else 
         For Each projectItem In project.ProjectItems 
          If Not (projectItem.SubProject Is Nothing) Then 
           ChangeTargetFramework(projectItem.SubProject, targetFramework, clientProfile) 
          End If 
         Next 

        End If 
       Next 
      End If 
     Catch ex As System.Exception 
      Write(ex.Message) 
     End Try 
    End Sub 

    '' Change the target framework for a project. 
    Function ChangeTargetFramework(ByVal project As EnvDTE.Project, ByVal targetFramework As TargetFramework, ByVal clientProfile As Boolean) As Boolean 
     Dim changed As Boolean = True 

     If project.Kind = Constants.vsProjectKindSolutionItems Or project.Kind = Constants.vsProjectKindMisc Then 
      For Each projectItem In project.ProjectItems 
       If Not (projectItem.SubProject Is Nothing) Then 
        ChangeTargetFramework(projectItem.SubProject, targetFramework, clientProfile) 
       End If 
      Next 
     Else 
      Try 
       If IsLegalProjectType(project) Then 
        SetTargetFramework(project, targetFramework, clientProfile) 
       Else 
        Write("Skipping project: " + project.Name + " (" + project.Kind + ")") 
       End If 
      Catch ex As Exception 
       Write(ex.Message) 
       changed = False 
      End Try 
     End If 

     Return changed 
    End Function 

    '' Determines if the project is a project that actually supports changing the target framework. 
    Function IsLegalProjectType(ByVal proejct As EnvDTE.Project) As Boolean 
     Dim legalProjectType As Boolean = True 

     Select Case proejct.Kind 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsDatabase 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsDatabaseOther 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsDeploymentCab 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsDeploymentMergeModule 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsDeploymentSetup 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsDeploymentSmartDeviceCab 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsDistributedSystem 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsLegacy2003SmartDeviceCSharp 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsLegacy2003SmartDeviceVBNET 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsSharePointWorkflow 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsSmartDeviceCSharp 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsSmartDeviceVBNET 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsTest 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsVisualDatabaseTools 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsVSTA 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsVSTO 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWCF 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWebApplication 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWebSite 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWindowsCSharp 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWindowsVBNET 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWindowsVisualCPP 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWorkflowCSharp 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWorkflowVBNET 
       legalProjectType = False 
      Case ProjectGuids.vsWPF 
       legalProjectType = True 
      Case Else 
       legalProjectType = False 
     End Select 
     Return legalProjectType 
    End Function 

    '' Sets the target framework for the project to the specified framework. 
    Sub SetTargetFramework(ByVal project As EnvDTE.Project, ByVal targetFramework As TargetFramework, ByVal clientProfile As Boolean) 
     Dim currentTargetFramework As TargetFramework = CType(project.Properties.Item("TargetFramework").Value, TargetFramework) 
     Dim targetMoniker As String = GetTargetFrameworkMoniker(targetFramework, clientProfile) 
     Dim currentMoniker As String = project.Properties.Item("TargetFrameworkMoniker").Value 

     If currentMoniker <> targetMoniker Then 
      Write("Changing project: " + project.Name + " from " + currentMoniker + " to " + targetMoniker + ".") 
      project.Properties.Item("TargetFrameworkMoniker").Value = targetMoniker 
      project.Properties.Item("TargetFramework").Value = targetFramework 
     Else 
      Write("Skipping project: " + project.Name + ", already at the correct target framework.") 
     End If 
    End Sub 

    Function GetTargetFrameworkMoniker(ByVal targetFramework As TargetFramework, ByVal clientProfile As Boolean) As String 
     Dim moniker As String = ".NETFramework,Version=v" 
     Select Case targetFramework 
      Case ProjectUtilities.TargetFramework.Fx20 
       moniker += "2.0" 

      Case ProjectUtilities.TargetFramework.Fx30 
       moniker += "3.0" 

      Case ProjectUtilities.TargetFramework.Fx35 
       moniker += "3.5" 

      Case ProjectUtilities.TargetFramework.Fx40 
       moniker += "4.0" 

     End Select 

     If clientProfile Then 
      moniker += ",Profile=Client" 
     End If 

     Return moniker 
    End Function 

    '' Writes a message to the output window 
    Sub Write(ByVal s As String) 
     Dim out As OutputWindowPane = GetOutputWindowPane("Change Target Framework", True) 
     out.OutputString(s) 
     out.OutputString(vbCrLf) 
    End Sub 

    '' Gets an instance of the output window 
    Function GetOutputWindowPane(ByVal Name As String, Optional ByVal show As Boolean = True) As OutputWindowPane 
     Dim win As Window = DTE.Windows.Item(EnvDTE.Constants.vsWindowKindOutput) 
     If show Then win.Visible = True 
     Dim ow As OutputWindow = win.Object 
     Dim owpane As OutputWindowPane 
     Try 
      owpane = ow.OutputWindowPanes.Item(Name) 
     Catch e As System.Exception 
      owpane = ow.OutputWindowPanes.Add(Name) 
     End Try 
     owpane.Activate() 
     Return owpane 
    End Function 

End Module 

Answer 2

您可以使用宏來做到這一點，或者記住VS項目文件是文本文件，這意味着簡單的全局搜索和替換可以達到相同的效果，並且是對大量項目文件進行相同更改的更一般技術。

首先備份現有的項目文件，然後進行所需的更改（例如更改目標框架）。使用WinDiff或WinMerge將新項目文件與備份進行比較。這會告訴你你需要做的改變。然後使用Visual Studio IDE的「在文件中查找和替換」功能對所有項目文件進行更改。

Answer 3

我認爲到目前爲止最簡單的方法是使用搜索和替換工具。如果它支持正則表達式，這是一個優勢。

必須有相當多的在那裏 - 我測試的第一個工作對我來說，雖然：http://www.ecobyte.com/replacetext/

有一張紙條寫着這對Win7的一些問題，但我沒有體驗到。

該工具步驟說明：

1. 更換|添加組| |將其命名（例如「MyGroup」）
2. 右鍵單擊MyGroup |添加文件（S）...
3. 選擇你的來源（例如使用文件夾，瀏覽到您要更改項目的根文件夾）
4. 套裝包含文件過濾器，如果有必要（例如，* .csproj的）
5. 右鍵單擊原始文本|下面的行高級編輯...
6. 在搜索文本下面的下拉框搜索中的文本框（如<TargetFrameworkVersion>.*</TargetFrameworkVersion>）
選擇
7. 「正則表達式檢索」中輸入您的正則表達式
8. 輸入替換文本（如<TargetFrameworkVersion>4.0</TargetFrameworkVersion>）
選擇
9. 目的地和備份設置（將默認創建一個備份）
10. 開始更換（按Ctrl + R）

現在，如果由於某種原因，你需要做到這一點的代碼，我可能會是ABL e也這樣做（這是我發現這個問題的方式）。在這種情況下，請在評論中提出要求。

---

Answer 4

Conditional regexes都讓我頭疼。所以這裏是一個搜索/替換的編碼解決方案（我儘可能避免EnvDTE）。

Order does not seem to matter的項目文件中的條目：

嘗試類似的規定：

using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Linq; 
using System.Text; 
using System.IO; 
using System.Text.RegularExpressions; 

namespace TextReplaceDemo 
{ 
    class Program 
    { 
     static void Main(string[] args) 
     { 
      try 
      { 
       ReplaceTargetFrameworkVersion("v4.0", "c:/projekt/2005", "*.csproj"); 
      } 
      catch (Exception ex) 
      { 
       Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); 
      } 
     } 

     /// <summary> 
     /// Inserts the denoted targetFramework into all occurrences of TargetFrameworkVersion. 
     /// If the TargetFrameworkVersion is not present in the file, the method searches for the 
     /// OutputType tag, which should be present, and inserts the TargetFrameworkVersion before that. 
     /// </summary> 
     /// <param name="targetFramework">New target framework (e.g. "v4.0")</param> 
     /// <param name="rootDirectory">Root directory for the file search (e.g. "c:\Projects\2005")</param> 
     /// <param name="fileSearchPattern">Pattern to find the project files (e.g. "*.csproj). 
     /// Will get all files for empty parameter.</param> 
     public static void ReplaceTargetFrameworkVersion(string targetFramework, string rootDirectory, string fileSearchPattern) 
     { 
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(targetFramework)) throw new ArgumentNullException("targetFramework"); 
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rootDirectory)) throw new ArgumentNullException("rootDirectory"); 
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileSearchPattern)) fileSearchPattern = "*.*"; 

      string regexPattern = "<TargetFrameworkVersion>.*</TargetFrameworkVersion>"; 
      string insertText = string.Format("<TargetFrameworkVersion>{0}</TargetFrameworkVersion>", targetFramework); 
      string alternativeMarker = "<OutputType>"; 

      // get all files 
      List<FileInfo> files = GetAllFiles(rootDirectory, fileSearchPattern); 

      // iterate over found files 
      foreach (var file in files) 
      { 
       string fileContent = File.ReadAllText(file.FullName); 
       Match match = Regex.Match(fileContent, regexPattern); 
       string newfileContent = null; 
       if (match.Success) 
       { 
        // replace <TargetFrameworkVersion> 
        newfileContent = fileContent.Replace(match.Value, insertText); 
       } 
       else if (fileContent.Contains(alternativeMarker)) 
       { 
        // create <TargetFrameworkVersion> 
        newfileContent = fileContent.Replace(alternativeMarker, 
         insertText + Environment.NewLine + " " + alternativeMarker); 
       } 

       // overwrite file 
       if (newfileContent != null) 
        File.WriteAllText(file.FullName, newfileContent); 
      } 
     } 


     /// <summary> 
     /// Recursive function to find all files in a directory by a searchPattern 
     /// </summary> 
     /// <param name="path">Path to the root directory</param> 
     /// <param name="searchPattern">Pattern for the file search, e.g. "*.txt"</param> 
     public static List<FileInfo> GetAllFiles(string path, string searchPattern) 
     { 
      List<FileInfo> files = new List<FileInfo>(); 

      DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(path); 

      if (dir.Exists) 
      { 
       // get all files in directory 
       files.AddRange(dir.GetFiles(searchPattern)); 

       // get all files of subdirectories 
       foreach (var subDir in dir.GetDirectories()) 
       { 
        files.AddRange(GetAllFiles(subDir.FullName, searchPattern)); 
       } 
      } 
      return files; 
     } 
    } 
} 

Answer 5

PowerShell腳本，我用來做我的。無可否認的是，布魯斯的力量。

Get-ChildItem . -Recurse -Filter *.*proj |ForEach { 
    $content = Get-Content $_.FullName 
    $content |ForEach { 
     $_.Replace("<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.0</TargetFrameworkVersion>", "<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.5</TargetFrameworkVersion>") 
    } |Set-Content $_.FullName 
} 

Answer 6

剛剛發佈Target Framework Migrator時，Visual Studio擴展爲改變多個.NET項目目標框架一次

Answer 7

目標框架遷移由帕維爾Samokha（VHQLabs）

http://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/47bded90-80d8-42af-bc35-4736fdd8cd13

Answer 8

總是有簡單。像notepad ++這樣的像樣的文本編輯器將包含查找/替換文件功能。只要搜索當前版本字符串在你的csproj/vbproj文件：

<TargetFrameworkVersion>v3.5</TargetFrameworkVersion> 

，並用新的版本替換

<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.5</TargetFrameworkVersion> 

好主意來看看第一，但...

Answer 9

從慶典：

$find . -name "*.csproj" -exec sed -b -i "s,<TargetFrameworkVersion>[^<]*</TargetFrameworkVersion>,<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.6.1</TargetFrameworkVersion>," {} \;