如何將數據從python腳本發送到Matplotlib？

Question

我對編程頗爲陌生，對matplotlib有疑問。我編寫了一個python腳本，它從另一個程序的outfile中讀入數據，然後從一列中打印出數據。

f = open('/home/student/AstroSimulation/out.0001.z0.753.AHF_halos','r') 
for line in f: 
    if line != ' ': 
     line = line.strip() # Strips end of line character 
     columns = line.split() # Splits into coloumn 
     mass = columns[8]  # Column which contains mass values 
     print(mass) 

我現在需要做的是讓matplotlib以「質量」和繪圖數量與平均質量打印的值。我已經閱讀了matplotlib網站上的文檔，但他們並沒有真正解決如何從腳本獲取數據（或者我沒有看到它）。如果任何人都可以指出我解釋我如何做到這一點的文檔，那將是非常感謝。謝謝

Answer 1

你會從腳本中調用matplotlib，所以matplotlib不會「從腳本中獲取數據」。你把它發送到matplotlib。

您需要保存然而，循環外的羣衆，但後來，它只是在它的plot()和show()函數的調用是最基本的形式：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

masses = [] 

f = open('/home/student/AstroSimulation/out.0001.z0.753.AHF_halos','r') 
f.readline() # Remove header line 
for line in f: 
    if line != ' ': 
     line = line.strip() # Strips end of line character 
     columns = line.split() # Splits into coloumn 
     mass = columns[8]  # Column which contains mass values 
     masses.append(mass) 
     print(mass) 

# If neccessary, process masses in some way 

plt.plot(masses) 
plt.show() 

Answer 2

我是你，一直到「繪製平均值的總和「。也許你可以鏈接到一個像你想要製作的情節的圖像。

在當前的腳本，您打印「大衆」，要追加到列表的浮點值：

from matplotlib import pyplot 

DATAFILE = '/home/student/AstroSimulation/out.0001.z0.753.AHF_halos' 
MASS_COL = 8 

masses = [] 
with open(DATAFILE) as f: 
    f_it = iter(f)     #get an iterator for f 
    next(f_it)      #skip the first line 
    for n, line in enumerate(f_it): #now the for loop uses f_it 
     row = line.strip().split() 
     if len(row) > MASS_COL: 
      mass = row[MASS_COL] 
      try: 
       mass = float(mass) 
       masses.append(mass) 
       print "%0.3f" % mass 
      except ValueError: 
       print "Error (line %d): %s" % (n, mass) 

#crunch mass data 
plot_data = ... 

#make a plot 
pyplot.plot(plot_data) 
pyplot.show()