如何將字段名稱作爲參數傳遞到存儲過程

Question

我正在使用一個存儲過程，在該存儲過程中，我發送的數據庫中的類型爲float，並且我還聲明參數float，該數據庫的類型爲@columnname。
當我通過列名作爲浮動則給出了錯誤：

Msg 8114, error converting data type nvarchar to float.

這是我的測試查詢

Declare @column float 
set @column = 'S_E1' 
select Avg(@column) from TBL_SENSORS 

而且當我改變參數類型varchar然後它給了我這個錯誤：

Msg 8117, Operand data type varchar is invalid for avg operator.

Declare @column varchar 
set @column = 'S_E1' 
select Avg(@column) from TBL_SENSORS 

我該如何解決這個問題？

UPDATE：

這是我的存儲過程：

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[getAvgColumn] 
    @ColumnName float, 
    @StartDate DateTime, 
    @EndDate DateTime, 
    @Start int, 
    @End int 
AS 
BEGIN 
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from 
    -- interfering with SELECT statements. 
    SET NOCOUNT ON; 

    declare @Skip int = 0 
    declare @Take int = 4 
    declare @count int = 0 

    set @count = (select count(@ColumnName) from TBL_SENSORS Where RECORD_TIMESTAMP Between @StartDate and @EndDate And (@ColumnName Between @Start And @End)) 

    while(@Skip < @count) 
    Begin 
     select avg(@ColumnName) 
     from 
      (select 
       @ColumnName as cc, 
       row_number() over (order by RECORD_TIMESTAMP) as rn 
      from 
       TBL_SENSORS 
      Where 
       RECORD_TIMESTAMP Between @StartDate and @EndDate 
       And (@ColumnName Between @Start And @End) 
      ) T 
    where 
     rn > @Skip and 
     rn <= @Skip + @Take 

    set @Skip = @Skip + @Take 
end 
END 

Answer 1

你需要動態SQL。

DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(4000) 
Declare @column varchar 
set @column = 'S_E1' 

SET @SQL = 'select Avg(' + quotename(@column) + ') from TBL_SENSORS' 

EXEC sp_executesql @SQL 

更新：同時適用建議quotename和sp_executesql

新方法：你可以使用動態SQL將數據放置到一個臨時表與已知架構。參考基於別名的列：ColumnToAvg。而不是TBL_SENSORS使用#TempSensors。

注意：在生產中，您需要檢查#TempSensors是否存在，如果存在則刪除。

SET @SQL = 'Select RECORD_TIMESTAMP, ' 
    + quotename(@ColumnName) 
    + ' as ColumnToAvg 
     INTO #TempSensors 
     from TBL_SENSORS 
     Where RECORD_TIMESTAMP Between @StartDate and @EndDate 
     And @ColumnName Between @Start And @End' 

EXECUTE sp_executesql @sqlCommand 
    , N'@StartDate datetime, @EndDate datetime, @Start int, @End int' 
    , @StartDate , @EndDate, @Start, @End