Spring Boot 1.4 - TestRestTemplate不滿意的依賴異常

Question

有一個很輕的Spring Boot 1.4項目，從start.spring.io生成。

嘗試使用TestRestTemplate運行@RestController與@RequestBody的集成測試，但由於啓動異常而沒有成功。

唯一的配置類：

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配置文件application.properties已經幾乎沒有什麼不同之處的security.ignored=/**的測試目的。

測試類：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 
@SpringBootTest 
@DataJpaTest 
public class MyControllerTest { 

    private Logger log = Logger.getLogger(getClass()); 

    @Autowired 
    private TestRestTemplate restTemplate; 

    @Autowired 
    private TestEntityManager entityManager; 

    @Before 
    public void init() { 

     log.info("Initializing..."); 
    } 

    @Test 
    public void addTest() throws Exception { 

     log.info("MyController add test starting..."); 

     // restTemplate usage 

     log.info("MyController add test passed"); 
    } 
} 

...但測試的啓動，我得到以下異常時：

ERROR 6504 --- [   main] o.s.test.context.TestContextManager  : Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureReportTestExecutionListener@5444f1c3] to prepare test instance [com.myproject.controllers.MyControllerTest@5d2bc446] 

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.myproject.controllers.MyControllerTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'restTemplate': No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate] found for dependency [org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate] found for dependency [org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:569) ~[spring-beans-4.3.2.RELEASE.jar:4.3.2.RELEASE] 
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88) ~[spring-beans-4.3.2.RELEASE.jar:4.3.2.RELEASE] 

按照doc它不需要配置TestRestTemplate任何地方。但是，我已經將最新的Apache Http Client添加到類路徑中，正如它推薦的那樣。

我錯過了什麼？

Answer 1

您在指定@DataJpaTest，它告訴Spring排除Web測試環境的任何接線。因此，沒有創建TestRestTemplate。閱讀這個博客在你的應用程序的測試片的詳細信息：https://spring.io/blog/2016/04/15/testing-improvements-in-spring-boot-1-4#testing-application-slices

Answer 2

我不得不使用寧靜BDD測試與彈簧引導在Eclipse上運行的主類類似的問題。在添加了spring-boot-test-autoconfigure測試依賴項後，它開始失敗。發生這種情況是因爲Eclipse只將一切放在一個類加載器中。爲了解決這個錯誤，我創建了一個配置類來覆蓋spring-boot的默認行爲。此代碼是基於一個彈簧類（範圍是不公開的）SpringBootTestContextCustomizer.TestRestTemplateFactory

@TestConfiguration 
public class TestConfig { 

    // Overriding Default Spring Boot TestRestTemplate to allow 
    // execute the main method from Eclipse (mixed Classloader) 
    @Bean 
    @Primary 
    public TestRestTemplate testRestTemplate(ApplicationContext context, RestTemplateBuilder templateBuilder) { 
     final AbstractConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container = context.getBean(AbstractConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer.class); 
     final boolean sslEnabled = container.getSsl() != null && container.getSsl().isEnabled(); 
     final TestRestTemplate template = new TestRestTemplate(templateBuilder.build(), null, null, sslEnabled? new HttpClientOption[]{}: new HttpClientOption[]{HttpClientOption.SSL}); 
     template.setUriTemplateHandler(new LocalHostUriTemplateHandler(context.getEnvironment(), sslEnabled ? "https" : "http")); 
     return template; 
    } 
}