.so搜索路徑

我是一個Linux新手（來自Windows背景）。我想了解如何在運行時加載共享對象（.so文件）的詳細信息。根據http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Program-Library-HOWTO/shared-libraries.html，文件/etc/ld.so.conf配置目錄以在運行時搜索.so文件。然而，下面顯示的實驗似乎表明情況並非如此。/usr/local/lib位於/etc/ld.so.conf.d中的某個.conf文件中，但是當我的.so位於/ usr/local/lib中時，它在運行時找不到。相反/ usr/lib是而不是由/etc/ld.so.conf配置，但是當我的.so位於/ usr/lib中時是在運行時找到的。.so搜索路徑

我錯過了什麼？

謝謝，戴夫

[email protected]:/$ # Display the .so search path configured in /etc/ld.so.conf 
[email protected]:/$ cat /etc/ld.so.conf 
include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf 
[email protected]:/$ cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf 
/usr/lib/mesa 
/usr/lib32/mesa 
/usr/lib32/alsa-lib 
/usr/lib/alsa-lib 
# libc default configuration 
/usr/local/lib 
# Multiarch support 
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu 
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu 

[email protected]:/$ # libsotest.so.1 is in /usr/local/lib 
[email protected]:/$ ls -la /usr/local/lib/libsotest* 
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  14 2012-07-19 08:24 /usr/local/lib/libsotest.so -> libsotest.so.1 
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  18 2012-07-19 08:24 /usr/local/lib/libsotest.so.1 ->  libsotest.so.1.0.1 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 davids davids 7952 2012-07-19 08:13 /usr/local/lib/libsotest.so.1.0.1 

[email protected]:/$ # But when I run an executable that refrs to libsotest.so.1, the loader  doesn't find it. 
[email protected]:/$ /projects/sotest/exe/sotestexe 
/projects/sotest/exe/sotestexe: error while loading shared libraries: libsotest.so.1: cannot  open shared object file: No such file or directory 

davids[email protected]:/$ # Configure loader to display the paths it's searching...it's  searching /usr/lib but not /usr/local/lib 
[email protected]:/$ export LD_DEBUG=lib 
[email protected]:/$ /projects/sotest/exe/sotestexe 
warning: debug option `lib' unknown; try LD_DEBUG=help 
/projects/sotest/exe/sotestexe: error while loading shared libraries: libsotest.so.1: cannot  open shared object file: No such file or directory 
[email protected]:/$ export LD_DEBUG=libs 
[email protected]:/$ /projects/sotest/exe/sotestexe 
     6691: find library=libsotest.so.1 [0]; searching 
     6691: search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache 
     6691: search  path=/lib/tls/x86_64:/lib/tls:/lib/x86_64:/lib:/usr/lib/tls/x86_64:/usr/lib/tls:/usr/lib/x86_64:/usr/ lib:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls:/lib/x86_64-linux- gnu/x86_64:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux- gnu/tls:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu  (system search path) 
     6691: trying file=/lib/tls/x86_64/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/lib/tls/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/lib/x86_64/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/lib/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/usr/lib/tls/x86_64/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/usr/lib/tls/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/usr/lib/x86_64/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/usr/lib/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: trying file=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsotest.so.1 
     6691: 
/projects/sotest/exe/sotestexe: error while loading shared libraries: libsotest.so.1: cannot  open shared object file: No such file or directory 
[email protected]:/$

來源

2012-07-19 Dave Stone

在/ usr/lib和/ lib目錄是硬編碼IIRC。

並增加在ld.conf.so的路徑不enougth，你必須重新生成緩存和鏈接，使用ldconfig命令（8）

您可以檢查哪些庫是在與-p LDCONFIG緩存。

來源

2012-07-19 13:00:00 Enjolras

.so搜索路徑

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